Why men rule Book

	Acknowledgments
	Introduction	1
Ch. I	A Question and Some Ground Rules	9
	The Question of Male and Female	9
	Superiority and Inferiority	10
Ch. II	Anthropology and the Limits of Social Variation	13
	The Approach of This Study	13
	Patriarchy Defined	14
	The Universality of Patriarchy	15
	The Evolutionary Fallacy	17
	The 'Prehistoric Matriarchies', the 'Amazons', and Engels	18
	Modern Societies	23
	Male Dominance Defined	28
	The Universality of Male Dominance	31
	The Universality of Male Attainment	35
	The Hunt for 'Exceptions' to Universality	39
	Two Hypotheses Tested	45
	Does Any Society Reverse Childhood Socialization?	47
	The Meaning of Universality	48
	Universality Does Not Imply Inevitability	49
	The Relevance of Cultural Variation	51
	Grounds for an Empirical Refutation	57
Ch. III	Differentiation of Dominance Tendency	63
	The Need for a Simple Explanation	63
	A Short Summary of the Theory Presented in This Book	64
	The Differentiation of Dominance Tendency	65
	Seven Claims That Are Neither Assumed Nor Implied	70
	The Iron and Magnet Analogy	73
	First Digression: The 'Non-Patriarchal Society' as Refutation	74
Ch. IV	Physiological Differentiation	77
	The Meaning of the Physiological Evidence	78
	Human Hermaphrodites	81
	Tomboyism	85
	Testosterone and Dominance Tendency	88
	The Irrelevance of Exceptions	93
	Feedback and Suggestion	95
	Physiology and Within-Sex Differences	96
	Dominance Behavior in Boys and Girls	97
	A Crucial Question This Book Leaves Unanswered	98
	Physiological Evolution	99
	Second Digression: Race and IQ, Territoriality, and Male Bonding	100
Ch. V	Social Conformation to Psychophysiological Reality	103
	Socialization	103
	Two Additional Aspects of Socialization	106
	The Mbuti Pygmies	107
	The Limits of Possibility	109
	Social Exaggeration of the Physiological	110
	Discrimination of a Sort	111
	The Future	113
	Three Methodological Observations	116
Ch. VI	The Inadequacy of a Non-Physiological Explanation	121
	The Weight of the Evidence	121
	The Environmentalist's Dilemma	123
	Alternative Explanations of Universality	125
	The Fallacy of the Irrelevant Experiment	130
Ch. VII	Confusion and Fallacy in the Environmentalist Analysis	135
	The Necessity of Theory	135
	The Environmentalist Assumption	136
	Four Fallacies	138
	Vulgarized Marxism	145
	The Failure to Ask 'Why?'	148
	Third Digression: The Obscurantism of an Inadequate Analysis	149
Ch. VIII	Common Objections to the Theory of Male Dominance	155
	Twenty-five Questions to Ask about Any Criticism of the Theory of Male Dominance	155
	An Aside on the Role of Neuro-endocrinological and Experimental Evidence	173
	The Appeal to Variation and 'Complexity': The Case of Philip Green	176
Ch. IX	Possible Sexual Differentiation in Cognitive Aptitudes	197
	Sexual Differentiation in Modes of Cognition	198
	Evidence for the Correctness of the Stereotype	199
	Environmentalist Objections and the Validity of Stereotypes	207
	Social Implications of Sexual Cognitive Differences	210
Ch. X	High Genius in the Arts and Sciences	213
Ch. XI	Male and Female	223
	Appendix: Alleged Exceptions to the Universality of Patriarchy and Male Dominance	231
	Index	249