The Frontiers and Catholic Identities Book

	Foreword
	Acknowledgments
	General Introduction
Pt. 1	The Backwoods Frontier
	Introduction	1
	Kentucky	4
1	Early Catholic Emigrants as Depicted by Martin John Spalding, 1785-95	4
2	A Pioneer Reports Back to Maryland, ca. 1791	6
3	Reverend Stephen Badin Informs Bishop John Carroll of Affairs in Kentucky, 1796-1810	7
4	Reverend Charles Nerinckx Describes the Hard Life of a Missionary, 1805	9
5	A Dominican Complains of the Severity of Pastors Badin and Nerinckx, 1806	11
6	Bishop Flaget's Report to the Pope, 1815	11
	The Old Southwest	14
7	Indian Attacks as Described by Father Marie Joseph Dunand, ca. 1817	14
8	Bishop Louis William DuBourg's Arrival at St. Louis, 1818	16
9	Bishop Joseph Rosati's Report on the Progress of the Church in St. Louis, 1830	16
10	Reverend Mathias Loras Tells His Mother of His Missionary Life in Alabama, 1830	18
11	Bishop Richard Pius Miles's Report to the Leopoldine Society, 1840	19
12	Father John Odin's Early Efforts in Texas, 1842	21
	The Old Northwest	23
13	Reverend Demetrius Gallitzin on the Founding of Loretto and His Contention with Thomas Elder, 1800	23
14	Bishop Edward Fenwick Begs Reverend Stephen Badin for Help [1827]	24
15	Bishop Simon Brute's Report to Rome, 1836	26
16	Reverend Joseph Kundek's Report on German Settlements, 1839	27
17	Bishop William Quarter Writes of the Early Years of the Diocese of Chicago, 1845	29
Pt. 2	The Fur-Gathering Frontier
	Introduction	31
	The Great Lakes	33
18	Gabriel Richard's Account of the Church in the Michigan Territory, 1826	33
19	Account of Samuel Mazzuchelli, O.P., of the Mission of Green Bay, 1831	35
20	Reverend John Mary Irenaeus St. Cyr on the Beginning of the Catholic Church in Chicago, 1833	37
21	Vincent Roy's Recollections of La Pointe, 1840	39
	Beyond the Mississippi	40
22	A Missionary at Pembina Presents His Bishop with Cases of Conscience, 1819	41
23	Reverend Benedict Roux Tells of the Unpromising Beginnings of Kansas City, Missouri, 1834	43
24	Archbishop Blanchet's Later Account of His First Visit to the Settlers of the Willamette Valley in 1839	44
25	Reverend Joseph Williams's Poor Opinion of Roman Catholic Trappers, 1842	46
26	Bishop Thomas Grace's Impression of the Metis of the Red River Valley, 1861	48
Pt. 3	Sacred Contests in the West
	Introduction	51
	Native American Contacts	57
27	A Missionary Speaks with Keokuk, a Kickapoo Prophet, 1835	57
28	A Priest Describes the Hardships of Western Travel, 1850	58
29	Indians Speak to Missionary Visitors, 1866 and 1870	59
30	A Jesuit Priest Recalls His Mission Days, ca. 1870s	60
31	An Army Chaplain's View of the Indian Missions, 1883	63
32	Thoughts about Pierre-Jean De Smet, S.J., 1887	65
33	An Appeal to Mother Katharine Drexel, 1899	67
34	Observations of Mother Katharine Drexel in the Oklahoma Territory, 1902	69
	Great Basin Conflicts	72
35	A Spanish Priest Comments on Early Indian Catholicism, 1775	72
36	Protestant Clergy Remark on the Dangers of Catholicism in the West, ca. 1865	72
37	Sister Frederica McGrath, D.C., Responds to Criticism in the Nevada Legislature, 1873	73
38	The First Utah Priest Reports on the Catholic Presence among Mormons, 1876	75
39	A Report to Europeans about the Progress of Catholicism in Utah, 1882	79
40	Catholic Comment on Two Important Elements of Faith, 1917	86
	Catholic-to-Catholic Conflicts	87
41	Letter from a Missionary Leaving His Post, 1851	87
42	Concerns about the Arrival of Nuns to the Minnesota Frontier, 1857	89
43	The Hardships of Missionary Life, 1865	91
44	An Account of a Group of Dissident Catholics on the Minnesota Frontier, 1871	92
45	A Statement concerning National Clashes between Catholics, 1910	93
Pt. 4	Migrant Lives to Settlement
	Introduction	103
	The Overland Trail	109
46	Instructions of Two Bishops to the Northwest Pioneers, 1830s	109
47	An Interrupted Migration by Irish Catholics, ca. 1840	111
48	The Conversion of a Well-Known Pioneer in the Northwest, 1844	112
49	A Catholic Family Seeks a Catholic Community, 1844	113
50	Church Conditions in the Pacific Northwest, ca. 1850	115
51	Sisters of St. Francis of the Holy Family Arrive in Oregon, 1919	117
	Migration to Settlement	119
52	An Invitation to Join the Catholic Settlements of Kansas, 1860	119
53	A New Congregation Established in St. Louis, 1872	120
54	A Chaplain Speaks for Building Catholic Institutions, 1883	122
55	Expression of Gratitude to the Mercy Sister for Their Service, 1908	123
56	Diary of a Priest on a Chapel Car, 1909	124
57	Catholicism for Hispanics in the Twentieth-Century West, 1913 and 1914	126
	Bonanza Camps and Urban Centers	128
58	A Report from an American Bishop to His French Colleagues, 1842	128
59	Priestly Recollections of a Montana Christmas, 1865	130
60	Priestly Recollections of a Colorado Christmas, 1888	135
61	A Priest's Montana Diary, 1880s	136
62	A Marriage Appeal to the Catholic Youth of the West, 1914	139
63	The Urbanization of Western Catholic Education, 1920	140
Pt. 5	The Pacific Slope - "When Others Rushed In"
	Introduction	143
	California: Reestablishment and Growth	145
64	Jose De la Guerra Describes the State of the Church in California, 1849	145
65	The Daughters of Charity Arrive in San Francisco and Face Opposition, 1852	150
66	Last Will and Testament of Rosa Ruiz De Avila of Los Angeles, 1854	152
67	The Daughters of Charity Arrive in Los Angeles, 1856	153
68	Letter of a French Missionary in Southern California, 1856	155
69	Constitution of a Purgatorial Society in Los Angeles, ca. 1860	157
70	Synod Legislation Changing Hispanic Religious Customs in the Diocese of Monterey-Los Angeles, 1862, 1876	158
71	Archbishop Alemany's Dispute with the Jesuits over Parochial Property, 1862	159
72	Christian Brothers Adapt Their Course of Studies for American Students, 1868	161
	Hawai'i and Alaska	161
73	Hawaiian Catholics of Moloka'i Request Priests for Their Island, 1857	161
74	Catholics on Maui Build a Church, 1865	162
75	Father Damien Describes the Life of a Missionary in Hawai'i, 1869	164
76	Robert Louis Stevenson Defends the Reputation of Father Damien, 1900	167
77	Dedication Speech for the School of the Sacred Heart Sisters, 1909	168
78	Father Joseph Cataldo, S.J., Reviews the History of the Church in Alaska, 1903	169
79	Memoirs of a Missionary about Students at Holy Cross Mission, Alaska, 1907	173
80	Mother Amadeus Dunne, O.S.U., Raises Funds for the Ursuline Sisters in Alaska, ca. 1912	174
81	A Native Alaskan Writes His Bishop about the Eskimo Deacon Program, 1970	175
Pt. 6	The Southwest
	Introduction	179
	Hispanic Traditions	181
82	Tejanos Celebrate the Feast of Our Lady of Guadalupe, 1841	181
83	Padre Antonio Martinez of Taos Preaches on the Fourth of July, 1860	182
84	Missionaries Visit Tucson and Mission San Xavier del Bac, 1864	185
85	Journey of the Sisters of St. Joseph of Carondelet to Tucson, 1870	186
86	Changes in Celebrating the Feast of St. Augustine, Patron of Tucson, 1881-82	189
87	Yuma Indians Bury Their Dead, Yuma, Arizona, 1894	190
88	Death of a Convert at St. Michael's Mission, Arizona, 1914	191
89	Vincentians Begin Ministry in Dallas among Exiles of the Mexican Revolution, 1914	193
	Conflicts	193
90	Ending Hispanic Religious Traditions at Santa Clara College, California, 1851-52	193
91	A French Bishop and His Vicar Conflict with a New Mexican Priest, 1854	195
92	Padre Antonio Martinez of Taos Protests Bishop Jean Lamy's Tithes, 1856	197
93	Bishop Jean Lamy's Regulations for the Penitente Brotherhood in New Mexico, 1856	199
94	A New Mexican Layman Explains the Role of Catholicism for Hispanics, 1878	202
95	A Morada of the Penitentes Described by a Sister of the Blessed Sacrament, 1906	204
96	Intermingling of Religious Customs at Cochiti Pueblo, New Mexico, ca. 1895	205
	Afterword	209
97	A National Catholic Rural Life Conference Testimony before Congress, 1984	215
98	The Demise of a Country Parish, 1997	216
	Additional Suggested Readings	219