America's Religions: From Their Origins to the Twenty-first Century Book

Introduction Telling Stories 1

Pt. I The Traditions 13

A Oral Traditions 13

Ch. 1 The Varieties of Native American Religious Life 14

Ch. 2 The African Background of New World Religions 25

B The Mediterranean Matrix 30

1 Judaism and the Emergence of Historical Religion 31

Ch. 3 The Jewish Tradition 31

Ch. 4 From the Religion of the Hebrews to the Restoration of Israel 39

2 Christianity East and West 50

Ch. 5 The Eastern Orthodox Tradition 50

Ch. 6 The Roman Catholic Tradition 58

Ch. 7 Western Catholicism from the Time of Constantine 67

C The Reformation Era: The Sundering of Western Christendom and the Emergence of the Protestant Traditions 78

Ch. 8 The Lutheran Tradition 79

Ch. 9 The Anglican Tradition 88

Ch. 10 Calvinism and the Reformed Tradition 96

Ch. 11 The Radical Reformation and the Anabaptist Tradition 102

Pt. II Early America: Europeans, Colonials, and Traditional Peoples Before the Revolution 105

Ch. 12 Colonial Anglicans 107

Ch. 13 New England Puritans 109

Ch. 14 Presbyterians and Other Reformed Churches 121

Ch. 15 The Society of Friends (Quakers) 130

Ch. 16 John Wesley and the Rise of Methodism 137

Ch. 17 The Great Awakening and the Baptist Tradition 141

Ch. 18 The Origins of Modern Religious Liberalism 150

Ch. 19 Anabaptists and Pietists in Pennsylvania 155

Ch. 20 Jews and Catholics in Early America 160

Ch. 21 Christian Missions to the North American Indians 165

Pt. III Religious Community Formation in the New Republic 177

A Toward Independence 179

Ch. 22 The Revolution and the Constitution 179

B White Evangelicalism 183

Ch. 23 The Second Great Awakening(s) 183

Ch. 24 Moral Reform, Antislavery, andCivil War 192

Ch. 25 The Culture of Antebellum Evangelicalism 200

C Alternative Protestant Patterns 209

Ch. 26 Liturgical Protestantism: Lutherans and Episcopalians in Changing Worlds 209

Ch. 27 Religion in the Slave Community 217

D "Freedom's Ferment": New Religious Movements 221

Ch. 28 Unitarianism, Transcendentalism, and Universalism 221

Ch. 29 New World Space and Time: Restorationist, Millennial, and Communitarian Movements 227

Ch. 30 New World Revelation: Joseph Smith and the Rise of the Mormons 236

Pt. IV The End of the Frontier and the Rise of the City 243

A The Adjustments of Protestantism 245

Ch. 31 Victorian Evangelicals 245

Ch. 32 Protestant Liberalism and the Social Gospel 255

Ch. 33 Anglican Renaissance 264

Ch. 34 Reactions to Modernity: Fundamentalism, Holiness. Pentecostalism 269

Ch. 35 Religion in the South 282

B Traditions in Transition: European Immigrants 292

Ch. 36 American Catholicism: From Ethnic Pluralism to Institutional Unity 292

Ch. 37 Eastern Christianity in America 302

Ch. 38 Ethnic Diversity and Denominationalism in American Judaism 308

C Old and New Frontiers 316

Ch. 39 Native American New Religions 316

Ch. 40 Black Nationalism and New Urban Religions 323

Ch. 41 Health, Wealth, and Metaphysics 329

Pt. V The Twentieth Century and Beyond: Further Encounters With Modernity and Pluralism 343

Ch. 42 Neo-Orthodoxy and Ecumenism: The Foundations of "Mainline" Protestantism 345

Ch. 43 "Mainline" Protestantism in the Later Twentieth Century 356

Ch. 44 Conservative Protestantism: Culture and Politics 377

Ch. 45 Mormons and the "Mainstream" 395

Ch. 46 Traditions and Structures in the American Jewish Community 404

Ch. 47 Jewish Identity and Jewish Culture in Twentieth-Century America 409

Ch. 48 Vatican II and the End of the Catholic "Ghetto" 420

Ch. 49 Roman Catholic Education, Thought, and Culture 429

Ch. 50 The Religions of Spanish-Speaking Peoples 440

Ch. 51 African American Christianity: "Eyes on the Prize" 448

Ch. 52 Islam in the United States 456

Ch. 53 Asian Traditions and American Transformations 466

Ch. 54 Liberalism, Radicalism, and Secularism 486

Ch. 55 Popular Religion in New Keys 496

Conclusion: Culture Wars and Great Awakenings 511

Bibliography 531

Index 627