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Book Categories |
Introduction | 1 | |
I | X11R6, XFree86, and Linux | |
1 | X11R6 and the XFree86 Project | 5 |
X Structure | 5 | |
X Is Network-Transparent | 5 | |
X Uses a Client/Server Architecture | 6 | |
X Is Modular | 9 | |
Why Is XFree86 Different from X11R6? | 10 | |
The XFree86 Distribution | 11 | |
Supported Platforms | 11 | |
Major Files and Components | 13 | |
Navigating the XFree86 FTP Site | 20 | |
2 | Installing and Configuring XFree86 | 23 |
Checking for an Existing Installation | 23 | |
Installing XFree86 | 24 | |
Installing from the CD-ROM | 24 | |
Installing the Official Distribution | 25 | |
Configuring XFree86 | 28 | |
Learning About Your Hardware | 28 | |
Configuring with XF86Setup | 32 | |
Configuring with xf86config | 43 | |
Configuration Troubleshooting | 50 | |
Advanced Configuration | 51 | |
/etc/XF86Config Section by Section | 52 | |
Using Framebuffer Consoles and Servers | 72 | |
II | Starting and Using XFree86 | |
3 | Launching XFree86 | 79 |
Launching with xinit | 81 | |
X Desktop Components | 83 | |
X Server and Root Window | 83 | |
Window Manager | 83 | |
Applications | 85 | |
Widgets and More | 87 | |
Interacting with X | 88 | |
The Mouse Cursor | 88 | |
Root or Start Menus | 89 | |
Switching Consoles and Emergency Exits | 91 | |
Focus and Other Window Manager Concepts | 92 | |
Leaving X | 95 | |
4 | Standard XFree86 Programs and Utilities | 97 |
The Command Line in X | 97 | |
Terminal in a Window | 97 | |
Job Management | 98 | |
Commonly Used X Utilities | 100 | |
startx | 101 | |
xbiff | 101 | |
xcalc | 101 | |
xclipboard | 102 | |
xclock and oclock | 102 | |
xedit | 103 | |
xeyes | 105 | |
xfontsel | 106 | |
xkill | 106 | |
xload | 107 | |
xlogo | 108 | |
xmag | 108 | |
xman | 109 | |
xmh | 109 | |
xsetroot | 113 | |
xterm | 114 | |
X Runtime Status Utilities | 116 | |
xdpyinfo | 116 | |
xfd | 116 | |
xlsatoms | 118 | |
xlsclients | 118 | |
xlsfonts | 119 | |
xprop | 119 | |
xwininfo | 120 | |
x11perf and x11perfcomp | 122 | |
5 | Linux/X Toolkit Particulars | 125 |
Free and Linux-Era Toolkits | 125 | |
Xt/Xaw | 126 | |
Gtk/Gtk+ | 128 | |
Qt from Troll Tech | 130 | |
XForms | 132 | |
Major UNIX Toolkits | 134 | |
Motif | 134 | |
OpenLook/XView | 136 | |
III | Configuring the XFree86 Runtime | |
6 | Runtime Session Defaults | 141 |
Global Defaults | 142 | |
Default xinit Behavior | 142 | |
Other Global Default Files | 144 | |
Changing Global Default Files | 145 | |
User Defaults | 145 | |
The startx Process | 145 | |
Important Differences | 146 | |
7 | Runtime Server Configuration | 147 |
Keyboard, Mouse, and Display Configuration | 147 | |
Keyboard Mapping: Minor Changes or Tweaks | 148 | |
Keyboard Mapping: Radical Reconfiguration | 152 | |
Mouse, Screen, and Non-Keymap Keyboard Configuration | 157 | |
Internationalization | 160 | |
Fonts and Colors | 160 | |
X Color Management | 161 | |
8-Bit PseudoColor Displays | 165 | |
Adding PostScript Fonts to X | 168 | |
Adding TrueType Fonts to X | 172 | |
8 | Runtime Application Configuration | 177 |
The X Resource Database | 177 | |
Widget Hierarchies | 178 | |
Resources and editres | 179 | |
Resources and Files | 185 | |
Common Resources and Command-Line Options | 189 | |
The Core Xt Resources | 189 | |
The Standard Xt/Athena Command-Line Arguments | 191 | |
The -xrm Argument | 193 | |
9 | Runtime Environment Configuration | 195 |
The Basics | 196 | |
Window Appearance | 196 | |
Menus | 197 | |
The Pager | 197 | |
The Icon or Application Manager | 198 | |
Bitmaps and Pixmaps | 198 | |
X Bitmaps | 199 | |
X Pixmaps | 199 | |
Icons and Window Managers | 199 | |
The fvwm Window Manager | 200 | |
fvwm Configuration File Basics | 201 | |
fvwm 1 Appearance Configuration | 202 | |
fvwm 1 General Behavior Options | 203 | |
fvwm 1 Desktop and Client Management | 204 | |
fvwm 1 Menus and Functions | 208 | |
fvwm 1 Mouse and Keyboard Bindings | 211 | |
fvwm 1 User-Defined Functions | 214 | |
fvwm 1 Button and Window Styles | 215 | |
fvwm 2 Basics | 218 | |
fvwm 2 Menus | 219 | |
fvwm 2 Functions | 222 | |
fvwm 2 Appearance and Style Handling | 222 | |
fvwm 2 Decors and Window Styles | 226 | |
Finishing Up with fvwm | 228 | |
The twm Window Manager | 228 | |
twm Configuration File Basics | 229 | |
General Behavior | 230 | |
Decoration Colors | 232 | |
General Fonts and Appearance | 235 | |
Icon Manager | 237 | |
Mouse/Keyboard Bindings and Functions | 238 | |
User-Defined Functions | 241 | |
Building Menus | 242 | |
Finishing Up with twm | 243 | |
IV | Integrated Linux Environments | |
10 | Integrated Environment Versus Window Manager | 247 |
Window Managers | 247 | |
Problems with the X Window System and Window Managers | 248 | |
Integrated Environments | 250 | |
Problems with Integrated Environments | 252 | |
Environment or Manager: Which Is Right for Me? | 253 | |
11 | The KDE 1.1.1 Environment | 255 |
KDE Basics: Getting, Installing, Starting, Configuring | 255 | |
KDE from Binary Packages | 256 | |
KDE from Source | 256 | |
Starting KDE | 257 | |
Configuring KDE | 257 | |
Three Major KDE Components | 259 | |
kwm/krootwm | 259 | |
kpanel | 262 | |
kfm | 264 | |
General KDE Tips and Tricks | 268 | |
Using a Different Window Manager | 269 | |
Adding Icons, Wallpaper, or Sounds to KDE | 269 | |
Editing KDE Menus | 270 | |
Learning More About KDE | 271 | |
12 | The GNOME 1.0 Environment | 273 |
GNOME Basics: Getting, Installing, Starting, Configuring | 273 | |
GNOME from Source | 275 | |
Starting GNOME | 277 | |
Configuring GNOME | 277 | |
Three Major Visible GNOME Components | 279 | |
Enlightenment | 279 | |
The Panel | 284 | |
GNU Midnight Commander | 286 | |
General GNOME Tips and Tricks | 288 | |
Changing Gtk+ Themes | 289 | |
Using a Different Window Manager | 290 | |
Managing Desktop Backgrounds in GNOME+Enlightenment | 291 | |
Adding Icons, Wallpaper, or Sounds to GNOME | 291 | |
Editing GNOME Menus | 292 | |
Learning More About GNOME | 293 | |
13 | KDE/GNOME/X Issues and Other Linux Environments | 295 |
KDE/GNOME, XFree86, and Other X Software | 295 | |
Resource Availability | 296 | |
GNOME and KDE Applications Outside GNOME or KDE | 297 | |
Appearance and X Resources | 297 | |
KDE and GNOME Together | 298 | |
Environments for Special Situations | 299 | |
Open Windows (XView) | 299 | |
The Common Desktop Environment (CDE) | 302 | |
V | Multiuser and Networked X | |
14 | Display Managers | 305 |
What Is a Display Manager For? | 305 | |
The X Display Manager (xdm) | 306 | |
Basic Configuration | 306 | |
Starting xdm | 313 | |
The KDE Display Manager (kdm) | 316 | |
Basic Configuration | 316 | |
Configuration Inside KDE | 318 | |
Starting kdm | 320 | |
For More Information | 320 | |
The GNOME Display Manager (gdm) | 320 | |
Basic Configuration | 320 | |
Starting gdm | 325 | |
Troubleshooting | 325 | |
For More Information | 325 | |
15 | Working on the Network | 327 |
Taking Advantage of Network-Centric X | 327 | |
Referring to X Displays on the Network | 328 | |
The Display Environment Variable | 329 | |
The -display Argument | 330 | |
Controlling Access, Authenticating Connections | 330 | |
Host-Based Authentication | 330 | |
Token-Based Authentication | 332 | |
Working with Applications and Sessions | 335 | |
Starting Remote Clients on the Local Display | 336 | |
Starting Local Clients on Remote Displays | 337 | |
Querying a Session Across the Network | 337 | |
Getting Fonts Across the Network | 338 | |
Installing and Running a Font Server | 338 | |
Using Fonts from a Font Server | 339 | |
16 | Tunneling X Through ssh (Secure Shell) | 341 |
What Happens When I Use ssh? | 341 | |
Security Is Improved | 342 | |
Speed Is Improved | 342 | |
Getting and Installing ssh | 343 | |
Compiling ssh | 343 | |
Configuring the Secure Shell | 344 | |
Using ssh with X | 347 | |
Starting the sshd Daemon | 347 | |
Using ssh to Transfer Magic Cookies | 348 | |
Using ssh to Tunnel X Sessions | 348 | |
Accepting Incoming Encrypted X Connections | 349 | |
More on ssh | 349 | |
17 | Heterogeneous Networks | 351 |
X on Networks | 351 | |
Multiple Login Points | 352 | |
The Display Variable | 352 | |
The uname Command | 353 | |
Root Window Color Depth | 353 | |
Putting It All Together: An Example | 353 | |
Command-Line Arguments | 354 | |
Mixing Client and Server Versions | 355 | |
X11R6 Releases | 355 | |
X11R5 Releases | 356 | |
X11R4 Releases | 356 | |
Pre-X11R4 Releases | 356 | |
X Servers for Non-UNIX Operating Systems | 356 | |
X Servers for Windows | 357 | |
X Server for Macintosh | 359 | |
X11R6.4 Distribution, with Server, for OS/2 | 359 | |
Virtual Network Computing | 360 | |
VI | Appendixes | |
A | Sample Window Manager Configurations | 363 |
Sample $HOME/.twmrc Without Icons | 363 | |
Sample $HOME/.twmrc with Icons | 367 | |
Sample $HOME/.fvwmrc Without Icons | 371 | |
Sample $HOME/.fvwmrc with Icons | 377 | |
Sample $HOME/.fvwm2rc Without Icons | 383 | |
Sample $HOME/.fvwm2rc with Icons | 388 | |
B | XFree86 3.3.5 Details | 395 |
Supported Graphics Hardware in XFree86 3.3
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