Microgravity Two-Phase Flow and Heat Transfer Book

Preface     ix
About the Author     xi
Acknowledgements     xiii
Nomenclature     xv
List of Figures     xix
List of Tables     xxv
Introduction     1
Applications of Two-Phase Flow at Microgravity Conditions     2
Simulation of Microgravity Conditions     3
Scope of this Book     4
Classification of Gas-Liquid Flow Patterns     5
Horizontal Flows On-Ground     5
Vertical Flows On-Ground     6
Flow Patterns at Reduced-Gravity Conditions     7
Flow Pattern Transition Models     15
Models for Horizontal Flows On-Ground     15
Models for Vertical Upward Flows On-Ground     17
Extension of Ground Models to Conditions at Reduced Gravity     20
Modeling at Reduced Gravity     22
Gas-Liquid Flow Pressure Drop     29
Momentum Equations     29
Empirical Methods     29
Experimental Results at Reduced-Gravity Conditions     32
Comparison of Experimental Data with Empirical Methods     36
Void Fraction     39
Introduction     39
Instrumentation     41
Experimental Results and Comparisons     45
Void Fraction Distribution Coefficient     49
Signal Analysis and Probability Density Functions     53
Conclusions     64
Gas-Liquid Flow Heat Transfer     67
Experimental Facility and Procedure     68
Transient Effects     71
Experimental Results     91
Measurement Error and Uncertainty     100
Local Heat Transfer Coefficients     101
Mixed Convection     107
Empirical Correlations     108
Modeling Periodic Slug Flows Using a Volume of Fluid Method     123
Assumptions     123
Governing Equations     124
Interface-Tracking Model     124
Boundary Conditions     124
Superficial Two-Phase Flow Parameters     126
Numerical Implementation     127
Volume of Fluid Interface-Tracking Method     127
Model Geometry     128
Simulation Results     128
Conclusions     135
Summary and Conclusion     139
Appendix A     141
Appendix B     185
References     229
Index     233