Quality Control, Reliability, and Engineering Design Book

	Preface	v
1	Introduction	1
1.1	Need for Quality Control, Reliability, and Engineering Design	1
1.2	History	1
1.3	Definitions and Terms	3
1.4	Scope of the Text	5
1.5	Summary	5
	Exercises	5
	References	6
2	Basic Mathematical Concepts	7
2.1	Introduction	7
2.2	Essential Mathematical Definitions, Laws, Formulas, and Methods	7
2.3	Probability	18
2.4	Exponential Probability Density Function	19
2.5	Cramer's Rule	21
2.6	Summary	24
	Exercises	24
	References	26
3	Economic Considerations	27
3.1	Introduction	27
3.2	Quality Control Economics	28
3.3	Economics of Reliability	33
3.4	Economics of Engineering Design	36
3.5	Value Analysis and Economic Evaluation Formulas	37
3.6	Summary	39
	Exercises	39
	References	40
4	Introduction to Quality Control	41
4.1	Introduction	41
4.2	Historical Review of Quality Control	42
4.3	Quality Control Definitions and Terms	43
4.4	Quality Assurance System	43
4.5	Factors which Affect the Quality of Products and Services	44
4.6	Goals for Quality	44
4.7	Summary	46
	Exercises	46
	References	47
5	Management for Quality Control	48
5.1	Introduction	48
5.2	General Organizational Charts and Methods	49
5.3	Quality Control Manual and Organizational Charts	51
5.4	Functions of Quality Control Engineering	54
5.5	The Quality Control Manager	54
5.6	The Process Engineer	56
5.7	Quality Auditing	58
5.8	Summary	59
	Exercises	60
	References	60
6	Quality Costs and Procurement Quality Control	62
6.1	Introduction	62
6.2	Quality Costs	63
6.3	Procurement Quality Control	66
6.4	Summary	74
	Exercises	74
	References	75
7	Statistical Quality Control	76
7.1	Introduction	76
7.2	Review of Basic Statistics	77
7.3	Acceptance Sampling	83
7.4	Quality Control Charts	97
7.5	Summary	109
	Exercises	110
	References	111
8	Applied Quality Control	112
8.1	Introduction	112
8.2	Quality Assurance of Software	112
8.3	A System to Assure Quality of Integrated Circuits	117
8.4	Quality Control in Banking Systems	119
8.5	Quality Control in the Textile Industry	120
8.6	Summary	122
	Exercise	122
	References	123
9	Introduction to Reliability	124
9.1	Introduction	124
9.2	Reliability Basics	125
9.3	Probability Distribution Functions Used in Reliability Prediction	130
9.4	Reliability Models	137
9.5	Summary	142
	Exercises	142
	References	144
10	Design for Reliability	145
10.1	Introduction	145
10.2	Failure Data Analysis: The Maximum Likelihood Estimation Method	145
10.3	Reliability Allocation	148
10.4	Reliability Analysis Techniques	153
10.5	Failure Rate Evaluation of Electronic Components and Systems	163
10.6	Useful Guidelines for Ease of Maintenance, Part Selection, and Control	165
10.7	Software Reliability	166
10.8	Summary	168
	Exercises	168
	References	169
11	Time-Dependent Reliability Models	171
11.1	Introduction	171
11.2	Reliability Evaluation of Conventional Networks	172
11.3	Reliability Evaluation of Systems Composed of Two-Failure-Mode (Three-State) Devices	181
11.4	Reliability Evaluation of Systems with Common-Cause Failures	193
11.5	Summary	203
	Exercises	204
	References	206
12	Reliability Estimation	207
12.1	Introduction	207
12.2	Failure Data Plotting	207
12.3	Reliability Testing and Growth Monitoring	210
12.4	Estimation of Confidence Limits	218
12.5	Summary	221
	Exercises	221
	References	222
13	Introduction to Engineering Design	224
13.1	Introduction	224
13.2	Types of Design	225
13.3	Functions Associated with Engineering Design	225
13.4	Characteristics of Good and Bad Designs	228
13.5	Design Procedure	229
13.6	Arguments for and Against Finite-Life Design	229
13.7	Characteristics of Engineers and Raw Material Available to Them	230
13.8	Characteristics of a Typical Design Engineer	231
13.9	Creativity in Engineering Design	231
13.10	Summary	233
	Exercises	233
	References	233
14	The Design Process and Associated Areas	235
14.1	Introduction	235
14.2	The Design Process	236
14.3	Factors for New Product Failure	240
14.4	Design Morphology	241
14.5	Specifications	241
14.6	Summary	243
	Exercises	243
	References	244
15	Engineering Design Reviews	245
15.1	Introduction	245
15.2	Types of Design Reviews	245
15.3	Subjects Discussed During Design Reviews and Items Required for Reviews	246
15.4	Design Review Board Chairman	248
15.5	Design Review Team	249
15.6	Reliability Considerations During the Design Review	250
15.7	Software Design Review	251
15.8	Summary	251
	Exercises	252
	References	252
16	Reliability and Maintainability in Systems Design	254
16.1	Introduction	254
16.2	Activities Associated with Reliability Design	255
16.3	Reliability Improvement Constraints and Product Reliability Modification	255
16.4	Fundamental Principles of Reliability Design	256
16.5	Design Reliability Assessment Procedure	257
16.6	Design Engineers	259
16.7	Maintainability Considerations in Product Design	260
16.8	Summary	263
	Exercises	263
	References	264
17	Human Factors in Engineering Design	265
17.1	Introduction	265
17.2	Human Element Considerations During Design Phase	265
17.3	Guidelines for Monitoring the Human Engineering Aspects of Design	267
17.4	Sensory Capacities of Humans	267
17.5	Auditory and Visual Presentations	269
17.6	Comparison of Human and Machine	270
17.7	Factors Shaping Human Performance	272
17.8	Useful Formulas for Engineering Designers	273
17.9	Summary	276
	Exercises	276
	References	276
18	Design Optimization Methods	278
18.1	Introduction	278
18.2	General Fundamentals of Optimization	278
18.3	The Most General Analytic Form of the Optimizing Problem	279
18.4	Optimization with Differential Calculus	279
18.5	Linear Programming	284
18.6	Summary	287
	Exercises	288
	References	289
	Index	291