The Critical Villager: Beyond Community Participation Book

	Figures
	Tables
	Preface
	Introduction	1
	Aid	1
	Community participation: us and them	7
	The interveners	9
	The intended beneficiaries	12
	Principles	14
1	The Big Idea	19
	How technologies fail	20
	Single-message technologies	27
	Establishing the messages	34
	The Principle of the Big Idea	37
2	Recognized Authorities	39
	Using established institutions	40
	Matching technology with competence	43
	Understandable contexts	47
	New roles	50
	The Principle of Recognized Authorities	54
3	Maximum Serendipity	55
	Obstacles to research	55
	Encouraging chance learning	62
	The villager as researcher	67
	The Principle of Maximum Serendipity	69
4	Tangible Entities	73
	The structure of knowledge	74
	Common structure	78
	Requisite magic	80
	The Principle of Tangible Entities	84
5	Clear Visual Messages	85
	The problems with booklets	86
	Reading graphics	88
	The use of postcards	95
	Reading objects	100
	Articulate technology	103
	The Principle of Clear Visual Messages	108
6	Modern Imagery	113
	Emerging values	114
	Presenting a modern solution	122
	Respectable names	129
	The Principle of Modern Imagery	130
7	Influential People	131
	Trend-setters	131
	Role-models	135
	Targeting the opinion makers	137
	The Principle of Influential People	140
8	Multiple Agendas	141
	Mutually appropriate technology	142
	A righteous imperialism?	150
	Persuasion	154
	The Principle of Multiple Agendas	157
	Conclusion: A role for participation	159
	Conclusion: Action and reflection	161
	Conclusion: The three R's	164
	Conclusion: The global village	169
	References	170