The Rebirth of the Russian Space Program: 50 Years after Sputnik, New Frontiers Book

Author's preface     ix
Acknowledgments     xi
About the book     xii
List of figures     xiii
List of maps     xix
List of tables     xxi
List of abbreviations and acronyms     xxiii
Almost the end     1
The admiration of the world     5
The collapse     7
Back on Mir: the long recovery     11
Almost the end: conclusions     16
Building the International Space Station     17
Origins of ISS     17
Paving the way for ISS: the last phases of Mir     19
Winding Mir down: "grief in our hearts"     25
The mark of Cassandra     29
Building the ISS     35
Waiting for Mir 2     37
Delay, delay and delay     39
Zvezda, 12th July 2000     40
Soyuz as lifeboat     43
Space station routine     46
Space station depends on Russia     57
Completing the space station     67
Building the International Space Station: conclusions     74
References     75
Scientific and applications programs     77
Comsats: the Soviet inheritance     77
Comsats: the new generation     83
Weather satellites     87
Earth resources: Resurs DK, Sich M, Monitor     89
Materials-processing: Foton     94
Science: Koronas, Spektr     96
Small satellites     100
The unmanned program: conclusions     101
References     103
Military programs     105
Photo-reconnaissance     106
Close-look: Yantar 4K2 Kobalt     109
Mapping: Yantar 1KFT Kometa     110
Instant intelligence: Yantar 4KS2 Neman     111
Orlets and the rivers: Don and Yenisey     112
Space telescope: Araks     114
Electronic intelligence: Tselina     116
Maritime electronic intelligence: US P Legenda     118
Military communications: Strela, Gonetz, Potok     121
Navigation satellites: Parus, Nadezhda     124
Navigation: GLONASS     127
Military early warning system: Oko, Prognoz     132
The military space program: conclusions     136
References     138
Launchers and engines     139
Old reliable     139
New upper stages: Ikar, Fregat     142
Rus program     144
Cosmos 3M     151
Proton and Proton M     155
Proton M     160
Tsyklon     164
Zenit     167
Ukrainian rockets to the Pacific: Zenit 3SL, the Sea Launch     170
Rockot     175
Strela rocket     179
Start     180
Dnepr     182
Volna, Shtil and relatives     185
New rocket: Angara     187
Russian rocket engines     192
GDL/Energomash: the most powerful rockets in the world     193
RD-180 powers the Atlas     196
Kosberg bureau/KBKhA in Voronezh     199
Isayev bureau/KhimMash     200
And from history, Kuznetsov's NK-33     201
Future launch vehicle and engine programs: Ural, Barzugin     201
Reliability     203
Conclusions: rockets and rocket engines     205
References     205
Launch sites     207
Baikonour     208
Plesetsk     221
Svobodny-Blagoveshensk     227
Dombarovska/Yasny     229
Soyuz a Kourou, French Guyana     229
Kapustin Yar: the Volgograd station      234
Alcantara     235
Recovery zones     237
De-orbit zones     244
Other ground facilities     246
Star Town, TsPK     246
Mission control Korolev: TsUP     254
Military mission control     257
Tracking and control     257
Cosmodromes and ground facilities: conclusions     262
References     263
The design bureaus     265
Energiya-premier design bureau     266
Chelomei's bureau and derivatives     269
NPO Lavochkin     270
NPO Yuzhnoye: missile lines "like sausages"     273
NPO PM, builder of comsats     276
KB Arsenal: the oldest design bureau     277
TsSKB Samara: continuous production from 1957     277
NPO Polyot     279
Organization of the space program     279
New space agency     281
Russia's space budget     283
From commercialization to space tourism     285
Participation in the global commercial space community     293
Cooperation: rogue states     302
Cooperation: China     306
Cooperation: India     310
Organization: conclusions      312
References     313
Resurgent-the new projects     315
The federal space plan     317
Replacing the Soyuz: Kliper     318
Return to the moon: Luna Glob     325
Return to Mars: Phobos Grunt     326
Mars 500: no girls please, we're going to Mars     330
Final remarks     334
References     335
Launchings 2000-06     337
Index     345