PART 1 AN OVERVIEW OF COLLEGE WRITING
Chapter 1 Critical Thinking, Reading, and Writing
Steps to Reading Critically and Actively
Preparing to Read
Critical Reading
Annotating
Note Taking
Questioning the Text
Beyond Content: Focusing on Process
Paraphrasing, Summarizing, Quoting
Paraphrasing
Summarizing
Quoting
Avoiding Plagiarism
Synthesis: Drawing Connections from Texts
Case Study for Synthesis: How Do Writers Influence Each Other?
VIRGINIA WOOLF, The Death of the Moth
ANNIE DILLARD, Death of a Moth
Reading and Analyzing Visual Texts
Classic and Contemporary Images: How Do We Communicate?
JOE ROSENTHAL, Marines Raising the Flag at Iwo Jima
THOMAS E. FRANKLIN, Firefighters Raising the Flag at Ground Zero
The Writing Process
Prewriting
Drafting
Student Essay: JAMIE TAYLOR, Cultist Behavior or Doltish Behavior?
Revising
Responding to Editorial Comments
A Portfolio on Writing and Communication
MORTIMER J. ADLER, How to Mark a Book
AMY TAN, Mother Tongue
PETER ELBOW, Freewriting
DONALD M. MURRAY, The Maker’s Eye: Revising Your Own Manuscripts
JOHN HOCKENBERRY, The Blogs of War
DEBORAH TANNEN, Sex, Lies, and Conversation: Why Is It So Hard for Men and Women to Talk to Each Other?
GEORGE ORWELL, Politics and the English Language
Chapter 2 Reading and Writing Effective Arguments
The Language of Argument
The Test of Justification
Reading and Analyzing Argument
Understanding Claims and Warrants
Reasoning from Evidence
Thinking Critically about Arguments
The Purpose of Argumentation
Appeals to Reason, Emotion, and Ethics
ABRAHAM LINCOLN, The Gettysburg Address
Writing Powerful Arguments
Identify an Issue
Take a Stand and Clarify Your Claim
Analyze Your Audience
Establish Your Tone
Develop and Organize the Grounds for Your Claim
Gather and Evaluate Your Evidence
Consider Your Warrants
Deal with Opposing Viewpoints
Argumentative Synthesis
Critique
Guidelines for Argumentative Synthesis
Case Study: MySpace: Friend or Foe?
WADE ROUSH, Fakesters
ELLEN LEE, Social Sites Are Becoming Too Much of a Good Thing
GREG PIVARNIK, MySpace Is Not Responsible for Your Kids
A Portfolio on Argumentation
Classic and Contemporary Images: What Is an Argument?
FRANCISCO DE GOYA, The Third of May, 1808
EDDIE ADAMS, Police Chief Brigadier General
Classic and Contemporary Essays: How Do We Argue?
H. L. MENCKEN, The Penalty of Death
CORETTA SCOTT KING, The Death Penalty Is a Step Back
DEBATE: ANIMAL RESEARCH: IS IT ETHICAL?
HELOISA SABIN, Animal Research Saves Human Lives
JANE GOODALL, A Question of Ethics
DEBATE: THE PATRIOT ACT: SHOULD WE SACRIFICE CIVIL LIBERTIES FOR SECURITY?
RICHARD A. POSNER, Security versus Civil Liberties
ELAINE SCARRY, Acts of Resistance
PAUL ROSENZWEIG, Face Facts: Patriot Act Aids Security, Not Abuse
ISHMAEL REED, The Patriot Act of the 18th Century
Chapter 3 Writing a Research Paper
Research Writing: Preconceptions and Practice
The Research Process
Phase 1: Defining Your Objective
Phase 2: Locating Your Sources
Phase 3: Gathering and Organizing Data
Phase 4: Writing and Submitting the Paper
Documenting Sources
Sample Student Paper (MLA Style)
A Portolio of Professional Research Papers
Humanities: LAURA JOHNSON DAHLKE, Plath’s “Lady Lazarus”
Social Sciences: JON B. GOULD, Playing with Fire: The Civil Liberties Implications of September 11th
Science and Medicine: CARA B. EBBELING, et. al, Compensation for Energy Intake from Fast Food among Overweight and Lean Adolescents
PART 2 ISSUES ACROSS THE DISCIPLINES
Chapter 4 Education and Society: How, What, and Why Do We Learn?
Classic and Contemporary Images: Does Education Change Over Time?
Zoology Lab, Oberlin College, 1890s
TOM STEWART, Food Science Lab, University of Maine, 1990s
Classic and Contemporary Essays: What Is the Value of Education?
FREDERICK DOUGLASS, Learning to Read and Write
RICHARD RODRIGUEZ, The Lonely, Good Company of Books
TIMOTHY EGAN, Little Asia on the Hill
ANNA QUINDLEN, Sex Ed
DAVID GELERNTER, Unplugged: The Myth of Computers in the Classroom
SUSAN JACOBY, When Bright Girls Decide that Math Is “A Waste of Time”
CLAYBORNE CARSON, Two Cheers for Brown v. Board of Education
Synthesis: Connections for Critical Thinking
Chapter 5 Family Roles and Gender Roles: How Do We Become Who We Are?
Classic and Contemporary Images: How Do We Respond to Marriage?
PIETER BRUEGHEL THE YOUNGER, Rustic Wedding
ELISE AMENDOLA, Gay Marriage
Classic and Contemporary Essays: How Much Do Families Matter?
E. B. WHITE, Once More to the Lake
BARBARA KINGSOLVER, Stone Soup
ANNIE DILLARD, An American Childhood
DAVID BROOKS, Love, Internet Style
RICHARD RODRIGUEZ, Family Values
JULIA ALVAREZ, Third Time's the Charm
FATEMA MERNISSI, Digital Scheherazades in the Arab World
Synthesis: Connections for Critical Thinking
Chapter 6 History, Culture, and Civilization: Are We Citizens of the World?
Classic and Contemporary Images: How Do We Become Americans?
PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE HISTORIAN, Medical Exam of Male Immigrants, 1907
ASSOCIATED PRESS, Illegal Immigrants Crossing the Border between Guatemala and Mexico, 1999
Classic and Contemporary Essays: Are We Heading toward a World Culture?
OLIVER GOLDSMITH, National Prejudices
ISHMAEL REED, America: The Multinational Society
JUDITH ORTIZ COFER, The Myth of the Latin Woman: I Just Met a Girl Named Maria
LESLIE MARMON SILKO, Yellow Woman and a Beauty of the Spirit
AMARTYA SEN, A World Not Neatly Divided
EDWARD SAID, Andalusia's Journey
EDWARD T. HALL, The Arab World
RONALD TAKAKI, Strangers from a Distant Shore
Synthesis: Connections for Critical Thinking
Chapter 7 Government, Politics, and Social Justice: How Do We Decide What Is Fair?
Classic and Contemporary Images: Have We Made Progress in Civil Rights?
Advertisement, Slaves for Sale, 1835
Photograph, Martin Luther King, Jr. and Admirer, 1966
Classic and Contemporary Essays: What Is the American Dream?
THOMAS JEFFERSON, The Declaration of Independence
MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR., I Have a Dream
MOLLY IVINS, Is Texas America?
ESTHER DYSON, Cyberspace: If You Don’t Love It, Leave It
NICCOLO MACHIAVELLI, The Circle of Governments
BRUCE CATTON, Grant and Lee: A Study in Contrasts
BHARATI MUKHERJEE, American Dreamer
JAMES BALDWIN, Stranger in the Village
ALEXIS DE TOCQUEVILLE, Some Reflections on American Manners
Synthesis: Connections for Critical Thinking
Chapter 8 Business and Economics: How Do We Earn Our Keep?
Classic and Contemporary Images: Will Workers Be Displaced by Machines?
DIEGO RIVERA, Portion of a Mural from the Detroit Institute of Arts
GEORGE HALING, Chrysler Assembly Line
Classic and Contemporary Essays: Does Equal Opportunity Exist?
VIRGINIA WOOLF, Professions for Women
HENRY LOUIS GATES, JR., Delusions of Grandeur
LIZA FEATHERSTONE, Manna from Hell
P.J. O'ROURKE, Mapping Innovation
THOMAS L. FRIEDMAN, Globalization: The Super-Story
BARBARA EHRENREICH, Nickel and Dimed
ROBERT REICH, Why the Rich Are Getting Richer, and the Poor, Poorer
JONATHAN SWIFT, A Modest Proposal
Synthesis: Connections for Critical Thinking
Chapter 9 Media and Popular Culture: What Is the Message?
Classic and Contemporary Images: What Do Gangster Films Reveal about Us?
Edward G. Robinson in Little Caesar, 1930
James Gandolfini in The Sopranos, 2000
Classic and Contemporary Essays: Why Are We Fascinated by Gangsters?
ROBERT WARSHOW, The Gangster as Tragic Hero
ELLEN WILLIS, Our Mobsters, Ourselves: Why The Sopranos Is Therapeutic TV
RITA DOVE, Loose Ends
HENRY LOUIS GATES, JR, 2 Live Crew, Decoded
STEPHEN KING, My Creature from the Black Lagoon
DAVE BARRY, Red, White, and Beer
GLORIA STEINEM, Wonder Woman
TODD GITLIN, Supersaturation, or, The Media Torrent and Disposable Feeling
DEBORAH ROSS, Escape from Wonderland: Disney and the Female Imagination
Synthesis: Connections for Critical Thinking
Chapter 10 Literature and the Arts: Why Do They Matter?
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Classic and Contemporary Essays: How Do We Know It’s Good?
E. M. FORSTER, Not Looking at Pictures
FRANCINE PROSE, The Universal in Particular
LINDA HOGAN, Hearing Voices
MARGARET ATWOOD, Orwell and Me
SUSAN SONTAG, Regarding the Torture of Others
LANCE MORROW, Imprisoning Time in a Rectangle
ALICE WALKER, Saving the Life That Is Your Own: The Importance of Models in the Artist’s Life
NED ROREM, The Beatles
Synthesis: Connections for Critical Thinking
Chapter 11 Philosophy, Ethics, and Religion: What Do We Believe?
Classic and Contemporary Images: Do We Believe in Good and Evil?
Angel and Mortal, Islamic Art from India
JACOB EPSTEIN, St. Michael and the Devil
Classic and Contemporary Essays: Is Superstition a Form of Belief?
MARGARET MEAD, New Superstitions for Old
LETTY COTTIN POGREBIN, Superstitious Minds
ROBERT COLES, I Listen to My Parents and I Wonder What They Believe
LANGSTON HUGHES, Salvation
KAREN ARMSTRONG, What's God Got to Do with It?
VACLAV HAVEL, The Divine Revolution
PLATO, The Allegory of the Cave
SALMAN RUSHDIE, November 2001: Not about Islam?
C. S. LEWIS, The Rival Conceptions of God
STEPHEN L. CARTER, The Culture of Disbelief
Synthesis: Connections for Critical Thinking
Chapter 12 Health and Medicine: What Are the Challenges?
Classic and Contemporary Images: What Does Medical Research Teach Us?
REMBRANDT, The Anatomy Lesson of Professor Nicolaes Tulp
ASSOCIATED PRESS, Conjoined Twins
Classic and Contemporary Essays: Can We Avoid Epidemics?
BARBARA TUCHMAN, “This Is the End of the World”: The Black Death
RONALD J. GLASSER, We Are Not Immune
ELLEN GOODMAN, I Worked Hard for That Furrowed Brow
MARTHA MENDOZA, Between a Woman and Her Doctor
STEPHEN J. GOULD, The Terrifying Normalcy of AIDS
ATUL GAWANDE, The Man Who Couldn't Stop Eating
RICHARD SELZER, Sarcophagus
SUSAN BORDO, The Globalization of Eating Disorders
Synthesis: Connections for Critical Thinking
Chapter 13 Nature and the Environment: How Do We Relate to the Natural World?
Classic and Contemporary Images: Are We Destroying Our Natural World?
JOHN FREDERICK KENSETT, Along the Hudson
DAMIAN DOVARGANES, Los Angeles, 2004
Classic and Contemporary Essays: Do We Own Nature?
CHIEF SEATTLE, Letter to President Pierce, 1855
BARRY LOPEZ, The Stone Horse
RICK BASS, Why I Hunt
N. SCOTT MOMADAY, The Way to Rainy Mountain
BILL McKIBBEN, The Environmental Issue from Hell
RACHEL CARSON, The Obligation to Endure
ALICE WALKER, Am I Blue?
NOEL PERRIN, The Greenest Campuses: An Idiosyncratic Guide
JARED DIAMOND, The Last Americans: Environmental Collapse and the End of Civilization
Synthesis: Connections for Critical Thinking
Chapter 14 Science and Technology: What Can Science Teach Us?
Classic and Contemporary Images: Where Is Science Taking Us?
Flemish School, The Movements of the Sun and Moon, Fifteenth Century
J. HESTER and P. SCOWEN, Photograph of Gaseous Pillars Taken From the Hubble Space Telescope, 1995
Classic and Contemporary Essays: How Has Nature Evolved?
CHARLES DARWIN, Natural Selection
NATALIE ANGIER, Of Altruism, Heroism and Nature’s Gifts in the Face of Terror
DAVID SEDARIS, Nutcracker.com
SHERRY TURKLE, How Computers Change the Way We Think
CARL SAGAN, Can We Know the Universe? Reflections on a Grain of Salt
DINESH D’SOUZA, Staying Human
OLIVER SACKS, Anbody Out There?
TERRY TEMPEST WILLIAMS, The Clan of One-Breasted Women
Synthesis: Connections for Critical Thinking
Glossary of Terms
Acknowledgments
Index
