The Intensive Care Unit Manual Book

Sect. I	Basic Pathophysiologic Principles and their Application in the Intensive Care Unit
1	Approach to Acute Respiratory Failure	1
2	Mechanical Ventilation	13
3	Weaning and Extubation	31
4	Sedation and Paralysis During Mechanical Ventilation	45
	Treating Distress and Agitation	45
	Use of Neuromuscular Blocking Agents	55
5	Assessment and Monitoring of Hemodynamic Function	59
6	Cardiogenic Shock and Other Pump Failure States	69
7	Hemorrhagic Shock and Other Low Preload States	85
8	Septic Shock and Other Low Afterload States	93
9	Vascular Access Issues and Procedures	103
Sect. II	Care of Generic Intensive Care Unit Patients
10	Approach of Supportive Care and Noninvasive Bedside Monitoring	117
11	Nosocomial Infections	129
12	Pharmacokinetics and Drug Interactions	143
13	Nutritional Therapy	153
14	Rational Use of Antibiotics	165
15	Rational Use of Blood Products	181
Sect. III	Care of Special Intensive Care Unit Patients
16	Renal Replacement Therapy	193
17	Care of the Patient Infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus	205
18	Care of the Cancer Patient with Neutropenia or Thrombocytopenia	217
19	Care of the Patient with End-Stage Liver Disease	225
20	Care of the Patient with End-Stage Renal Disease	233
21	Care of the Maternal-Fetal Unit	243
22	End-of-Life Care	255
23	The Challenge of Wean Patient	267
24	Swallowing and Communication Disorders	279
25	Rehabilitation Interventions	293
Sect IV	Problems Arising in the Intensive Care Unit Setting: Evaluation and Management
26	Acute Arterial Desaturation	303
27	Acute Hypercapnic Episodes	315
28	Airways and Emergency Airway Management	323
29	Allergies to Antibiotics	333
30	Arrhythmias (Bradycardias)	341
31	Arrhythmias (Tachycardias)	355
32	Barotrauma and Chest Tubes	379
33	Change in Mental Status or New-Onset Seizures	389
34	Chest Pain and Myocardial Ischemia	399
35	Diarrhea Developing in the Intensive Care Patient	415
36	Electrolyte Disorders	425
37	Falling Urine Output and Rising Creatinine Levels	441
38	Fever, Hypothermia, or a Rising White Blood Cell Count	451
39	Hypertensive Episodes	463
40	Hypotensive Episodes or Falling Hemoglobin	471
41	Ileus	481
42	Increased Intracranial Pressure	487
43	Skin Rashes and Pressure Ulcers	499
44	Sleep Disturbances in the Intensive Care Unit	511
45	Thrombocytopenia	521
46	Transfusion Reactions	531
47	Limb Swelling	541
48	Ventilator Alarm Situations	553
Sect. V	Presenting Problems for Intensive Care Unit Admission
49	Acute Coronary Syndromes: Acute Myocardial Infarction and Unstable Angina	563
50	Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections	581
51	Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema	591
52	Hypertensive Crisis	603
53	Pericardial Tamponade	615
54	Hypothermia and Hyperthermia	627
55	Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Inhalation	637
56	Burns	645
57	Drug Overdoses and Toxic Ingestions	655
58	Acute Pancreatitis	667
59	Acute Liver Failure	675
60	Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Colitis	683
61	Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding	693
62	Hemolytic Anemia	705
63	Idiopathic and Thrombotic Thrombocytopenias	715
64	Acute Central Nervous System Infections	723
65	Community Acquired Pneumonia	735
66	Necrotizing Fasciitis and Related Soft Tissue Infections	745
67	Acute Neuromuscular Weakness	755
68	Brian Death and Management of Potential Organ Donors	767
69	Prognosis After Cardiopulmonary Arrest	775
70	Status Epilepticus	783
71	Stroke	795
72	Obstetric and Postobstetric Complications	805
73	Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome	817
74	Acute Respiratory Failure Due to Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease	835
75	Massive Hemoptysis and Diffuse Pulmonary Hemorrhage	847
76	Major Pulmonary Embolism	857
77	Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome	869
78	Acute Renal Failure and Rhabdomyolysis	877
79	Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Nonketotic Hypertonic Hyperglycemia, and Alcoholic Ketoacidosis	891
80	Metabolic Acidoses and Alkaloses	903
81	Disorders of the Serum Sodium Concentration	917
82	Thyroid and Adrenal Disorders	931
83	How to Read and Understand the Anesthesia Record	941
84	Perioperative Approach to the High-Risk Surgical Patient	949
85	Management of Postoperative Pain	961
86	Cardiac Surgery	971
87	Craniotomy	979
88	Major Abdominal Surgery: Postoperative Considerations	987
89	Major Orthopedic Procedures	999
90	Major Tissue Flaps	1007
91	Major Vascular Procedures	1017
92	Thoracic Surgical Patient	1029
93	Approach to the Trauma Patient	1037
94	Abdominal Trauma	1041
95	Extremity and Major Vascular Trauma	1051
96	Head Trauma	1061
97	Thoracic Trauma	1069
98	Spinal Injury	1077
	Appendix	1085
	Index	1101