The Fiber-Optic Gyroscope Book

	Foreword
	Preface
Ch. 1	Introduction	1
Ch. 2	Principle of the Fiber-Optic Gyroscope	5
2.1	Sagnac Effect	5
2.2	Active and Passive Ring Resonators	12
2.3	Passive Fiber Ring Interferometer	17
Ch. 3	Reciprocity of a Fiber Ring Interferometer	27
3.1	Principle of Reciprocity	27
3.2	Minimum Configuration of a Ring Fiber Interferometer	30
3.3	Reciprocity With All-Guided Schemes	43
3.4	Problem of Polarization Reciprocity	55
Ch. 4	Backreflection and Backscattering	63
4.1	Problem of Backreflection	63
4.2	Problem of Backscattering	67
Ch. 5	Analysis of Polarization Nonreciprocities With Broadband Source and High-Birefringence Fiber	73
5.1	Depolarization Effect in High-Birefringence Polarization-Preserving Fibers	73
5.2	Analysis of Polarization Nonreciprocities in a Fiber Gyroscope Using an All-Polarization-Preserving Waveguide Configuration	75
5.3	Use of a Depolarizer	84
5.4	Testing With Optical Coherence Domain Polarimetry (OCDP) Based on Path-Matched White-Light Interferometry	86
Ch. 6	Transience-Related Drift and Noise	93
6.1	Effect of Temperature Transience	93
6.2	Effect of Acoustic Noise and Vibration	96
Ch. 7	Truly Nonreciprocal Effects	97
7.1	Magneto-Optic Faraday Effect	97
7.2	Nonlinear Kerr Effect	101
Ch. 8	Scale Factor Accuracy	107
8.1	Problem of Scale Factor in the Interferometric Fiber Gyroscope	107
8.2	Closed-Loop Operation	108
8.3	Wavelength Control	126
Ch. 9	Technology of the I-FOG	135
9.1	Recapitulation of the Optimal Operating Conditions	135
9.2	Source	136
9.3	Fiber Coil	140
9.4	"Heart" of the Interferometer	141
9.5	Detector	142
Ch. 10	Alternative Approaches for the I-FOG	147
10.1	Alternative Optical Configurations	147
10.2	Alternative Signal Processing Schemes	149
10.3	Extended Dynamic Range With Multiple Wavelength Source	155
Ch. 11	Resonant Fiber-Optic Gyroscope (R-FOG)	159
11.1	Principle of Operation of an All-Fiber Ring Cavity	159
11.2	Signal Processing Method	163
11.3	Reciprocity of a Ring Fiber Cavity	165
11.4	Parasitic Effects in the R-FOG	168
Ch. 12	Applications and Trends	173
12.1	Present State of Development	173
12.2	Trends for the Future and Concluding Remarks	174
	Appendix 1 Basics of Optics	177
	A1.1 Optical Wave in a Vacuum	177
	A1.2 Polarization of an Optical Wave	181
	A1.3 Propagation in a Dielectric Medium	185
	A1.4 Geometrical Optics	193
	A1.5 Dielectric Interface: Reflection, Refraction, and Waveguidance	194
	A1.6 Interferences	198
	A1.7 Multiple-Wave Interferences	205
	A1.8 Diffraction and Gaussian Beam	208
	A1.9 Coherence	212
	A1.10 Birefringence	225
	Appendix 2 Basics of Single-Mode Fiber Optics	233
	A2.1 Discrete Modal Guidance in a Step Index Fiber	233
	A2.2 Single-Mode Fiber	237
	A2.3 Practical Silica Single-Mode Fibers	244
	A2.4 Coupling in a Single-Mode Fiber	245
	A2.5 Birefringence in a Single-Mode Fiber	252
	A2.6 Polarization-Preserving Fibers	257
	A2.7 Interference With Single-Mode Fibers and Related Components	266
	Appendix 3 Basics of Integrated Optics	273
	A3.1 Integrated-Optic Channel Waveguide	273
	A3.2 LiNbO[subscript 3] Integrated Optics	276
	A3.3 Proton-Exchanged Waveguides	281
	Appendix 4 Electromagnetic Theory of the Relativistic Sagnac Effect	285
	A4.1 Special Relativity and Electromagnetism	285
	A4.2 Electromagnetism in a Rotating Frame	294
	A4.3 Case of a Rotating Toroidal Dielectric Waveguide	297
	Symbols	301
	About the Author	307
	Index	309