Space Radio Science Book

	Preface
I	Radio Wave Propagation in Communications to Earth-Orbiting Satellites	1
1.1	Propagation of Free Radio Waves	1
1.2	Absorption and Fluctuations of Meter Radio Waves in the Ionosphere	3
1.3	Attenuation and Fluctuations of Centi- and Millimeter Radio Waves in the Troposphere	12
1.4	Refraction of Radio Waves	25
1.5	Time Delay of Radio Signals in the Atmosphere and Ionosphere	35
1.6	Phase Fluctuations of Radio Signals in the Ionosphere and Troposphere	43
1.7	Effect of the Atmosphere and Ionosphere on Radio Frequency	49
1.8	Techniques for Monitoring the Earth's Ionosphere with Satellite Signals	55
II	Investigations of Planetary Atmospheres and Ionospheres by the Radio Occultation Technique	73
2.1	Direct Problem of the Radio Occultation Investigations of Planetary Atmospheres and Ionospheres	73
2.2	Inverse Problem of the Radio Occultation Investigations of Planetary Atmospheres and Ionospheres	93
2.3	Radio Occultation Investigations of the Martian and Venusian Atmospheres and Ionospheres	97
2.4	Investigation of the Earth's Atmosphere and Ionosphere by the Radio Occultation Technique	117
2.5	Radio Occultation Investigations of Giant Planets	134
2.6	Some Radio Occultation Data on the Plasmas of Minor Bodies in the Solar System	138
III	Radio Sounding of the Circumsolar and Interplanetary Plasma	149
3.1	Radio Wave Time Delay and Electron Density Distribution in Plasma	149
3.2	Refraction and Frequency Shift in the Circumsolar Plasma	158
3.3	Faraday Effect	164
3.4	Autocorrelation Functions of the Amplitude and Phase Fluctuations of Radio Waves	170
3.5	Amplitude Fluctuations of Radio Waves and Plasma Inhomogeneities	181
3.6	Phase Fluctuations of Radio Waves	193
3.7	Frequency Fluctuations and Spectral Line Broadening	199
3.8	Investigation of the Solar Wind by Radio Sounding Methods	207
IV	Radar Observations of Planets and Asteroids	219
4.1	General Relations	219
4.2	Reflection of Radio Waves from a Sphere	222
4.3	Scattering of Radio Waves from a Rough Surface	228
4.4	Backscattering of Radio Waves from Planets and Asteroids	238
4.5	Reflection of Radio Waves in Bistatic Remote Sensing	253
4.6	Side-Looking Radar Technique for Studying Planetary Surfaces	272
V	Conditions of Radio Communications in Space	285
5.1	Conditions of Radio Communications in the Solar System	285
5.2	Radio Communications and Propagation of Radio Waves in the Galaxy	290
5.3	Propagation of Radio Waves in Gravitational Fields	295
	Subject Index	305