Sounding the Troposphere from Space : A New Era for Atmospheric Chemistry Book

	Preface
	Contents
	List of Contributors
1	TROPOSAT: the project and the scientific highlights	1
2	An Overview of the Scientific Activities and Achievements	13
2.1	New algorithms for obtaining tropospheric data from satellite measurements	13
2.2	Applications of satellite data in tropospheric research	29
2.3	Synergistic use of different instrumentation and platforms for tropospheric measurements	35
2.4	Validation and data assimilation for tropospheric satellite data products	43
2.5	The use of data assimilation to augment the utility of satellite data	47
2.6	Future space infrastructure	51
2.7	Tropospheric Data from the United States	55
3	Development of Algorithms	59
3.1	Retrieval of Greenhouse and Related Gas Parameters from SCIAMACHY/ENVISAT	59
3.2	Aerosol Retrieval by the Introduction of New Aerosol Classes and Optical Properties: Methods and Climatology	65
3.3	Neural Network Ozone Profile Retrieval System for GOME Spectra (NNORSY-GOME)	77
3.4	Retrieval and Data Assimilation Algorithm Development for Tropospheric Ozone and NO[subscript 2] from GOME and SCIAMACHY
3.5	Retrieval of Tropospheric Aerosol Properties from Space using MISR Data	97
3.6	The Role of Polarisation Measurements in Ozone Profile Retrieval from Back-scattered Ultraviolet Sunlight	107
3.7	Retrieval of Aerosol Properties from Satellite Data	117
3.8	Retrieval of CO Column and Profile Data from the MOPITT Instrument on EOS-TERRA	125
3.9	Quantification of Tropospheric Measurements from Nadir Viewing UV/Visible Instruments	137
3.10	Retrieval of Upper Tropospheric H[subscript 2]O from CRISTA-2 Observations	149
3.11	Retrieval of Tropospheric BrO and NO[subscript 2] from UV-Visible Observations	155
3.12	Retrievability of Upper Tropospheric Species and Parameters from MIPAS/ENVISAT Data
3.13	Assessment of the Global Distribution of Tropospheric OH Radical Production from GOME Observations	181
3.14	A Ground Validation Station for the Satellite-based Atmospheric Sensor Instruments GOME and SCIAMACHY	187
3.15	Development of Satellite-derived Information on Tropospheric Actinic Flux and Aerosol Particulate Matter	189
3.16	Case Studies for the Investigation of Cloud Sensitive Parameters as Measured by GOME	199
3.17	Ozone Profile Retrieval from Broadband Nadir UV/Visible Satellite Spectra: How Accurate is the Tropospheric Profile?
4	Use of Satellite Data to understand Atmospheric Processes	227
4.1	Tropospheric Aerosol Modelling	227
4.2	Validation of a Fully Coupled Chemistry-Climate Model	231
4.3	Global Photochemical Model Evaluation using GOME Tropospheric Column Data	241
4.4	Construction and Analysis of Image Sequences of Atmospheric Trace Gases	251
4.5	Use of GOME Measurements for the Examination of the Nitrogen Oxide Budget in the Troposphere	255
4.6	Use of Satellite Data to Constrain Ozone Budgets in Global Tropospheric Chemistry Models
4.7	First Validation of Tropospheric NO[subscript 2] Column Densities Retrieved from GOME by in situ Aircraft Profile Measurements	265
4.8	Determination of NO[subscript x] Sources by Combination of Satellite Images with Transport Modelling	271
4.9	The Use of Space-borne Measurements and the Ground-based Swiss Monitoring System for Tracing Atmospheric Pollution	281
5	Synergistic Use of Different Instrumentation and Platforms for Tropospheric Measurements	291
5.1	Comparing CARIBIC and Satellite Data	291
5.2	Studies of NO[subscript 2] from Lightning and Convective Uplifting using GOME Data	297
5.3	Scientific Applications of Satellite Data within the Geophysica Research Community	307
5.4	Retrieval of Tropospheric Information from Ground-based FTIR Observations, Supported by Synergistic Exploitation of Various Ground-based and Space-borne Measurement Techniques and Data	315
5.5	The Development of Multi-platform Methods for Derivation of Tropospheric Composition from Space	327
5.6	Control Mechanisms of Water Vapour in the Upper Troposphere: Large Scale Subsidence in Regions of Tropical Cb-Convection	337
5.7	Satellite plus Ground-based FTIR Measurements for Tropospheric Studies: Towards an Integrated Global Measurement System (IGMS) and an Improved Validation Strategy	345
5.8	Methodology for Using the MOZAIC Ozone Climatology in Future Comparisons with Data from SCIAMACHY Onboard ENVISAT	355
6	Validation and Data Assimilation for Tropospheric Satellite Data Products	361
6.1	Validation of CO and CH[subscript 4] Retrieved from SCIAMACHY
6.2	Database Support for Use and Usability and Satellite Data	373
6.3	Emission Rate Estimates by Variational Assimilation of Surface and Satellite Data	375
6.4	Satellite Validation using Ground-based Spectroscopic Techniques	381
6.5	Airborne in-situ Measurements of Radiation, Aerosol Optical Properties and Trace Gases for Evaluation of Remote Sensing Techniques	391
6.6	Co-ordination of the Validation Activities for SCIAMACHY
6.7	A New Airborne DIAL System for Tropospheric Ozone Measurements	401
6.8	Monitoring of the Variability and Long-term Evolution of Tropospheric Constituents by Infrared Solar Absorption Spectrometry at the Jungfraujoch, Switzerland	407
App. 1	Tropospheric satellite data available	417
App. 2	Publications and Theses resulting from TROPOSAT work	421
App. 3	Organisation of TROPOSAT	435
	Index	439