Solutions to Hydrogen Attack in Steels Book

	Introduction	1
Ch. 1	Cost, Classification, and Examples of Hydrogen Attack in Steels
	Low-Temperature Hydrogen Attack (LTHA)	4
	High Temperature Hydrogen Attack (HTHA)	5
	Hydrogen-Related Service Failures	5
Ch. 2	Fundamentals of Hydrogen Attack in Steels
	Hydrogen Solubility	51
	Hydrogen Diffusivity	54
	Hydrogen Trapping	55
	Permeation of Hydrogen	58
	Removal of Hydrogen	59
	Sources of Hydrogen in Steel Causing LTHA	61
	High Temperature Hydrogen Attack	61
	Stress Corrosion Cracking	62
	Low Temperature Hydrogen Attack	63
	Behavior of Steels Exposed to Hydrogen Environments	71
Ch. 3	Fundamentals of the Solutions to Hydrogen Attack in Steels
	Parameters	81
	Solutions Based on Decreasing the Amount of Hydrogen Trapped in Steels	81
	Solutions Based on Decreasing External Hydrogen Activity	85
	Solutions Based on Decreasing Internal Hydrogen Activity	87
	Solutions Based on Increasing the Critical Concentration for Crack Initiation or Assisted Propagation	90
	Testing Methods and Standards for the Selection of Steels to be Used in Hydrogen Environments	99
Ch. 4	Practical Solutions to Low-Temperature Hydrogen Attack in Steels
	Sources of Hydrogen in LTHA	105
	Hydrogen Induced Cracking (HIC)	106
	Stress Oriented Hydrogen Induced Cracking (SOHIC)	110
	Sulfide Stress Corrosion Cracking	112
	Hydrogen Stress Cracking (HSC)	114
	Nondestructive Testing	114
	Operating Stress Mapping in Steels Containing LTHA	126
	Purchase Acceptance Criteria for HIC-Resistant Steel	128
Ch. 5	Practical Solutions to High-Temperature Hydrogen Attack in Steels
	Practical Solutions: Nelson Curves	136
	Inspection for HTHA	146
	Practical Solutions: Troiano	148
	Hydrogen in Weldments	150
	Practical Solutions to HSC	152
	Practical Solutions: Japan Steel Works	157
Ch. 6	Summation and Direction
	Bibliography	179
	Index	181