Risk Balance and Security Book

Preface     ix
Acknowledgments     xi
The Centrality of Security     1
Security Matters     5
Risk Positions     8
Approaching Security     10
Modeling Security     12
Studying Security From Many Perspectives     17
Conclusion     18
Notes to Chapter 1     20
Values and Choices in Constructing Security     23
The Values of Security     23
The Invention of Risk Society     25
The Context of Risk Society     27
Applying Risk Society to Risk Balance     30
Culture and Messages About Security     32
Judging Hazards, Threats, and Risks     34
Experts     40
Routines, Experts, and Trust     44
Types of Resources     48
Security From What?     51
Security for Whom?     53
Conclusion     54
Notes to Chapter 2     57
Crime and Security     59
How Much Crime and How Can It Be Addressed?     61
Policing and Crime Risk     62
Protecting the Public: Community Policing and Intelligence-Led Policing     63
Who Polices Whom?     65
Securing Against Crime     69
Profiling Offenders     69
Profiling Victims     72
Assessing Crime Information     74
Profiling Routines, Spaces, and Places     76
Preventing Crime?     78
Crime Events and Risk Balance     81
Conclusion     83
Notes to Chapter 3     84
Modern Terrorism     87
Terrorism and Security     89
Who Are the Terrorists and What Threat Do They Pose?     90
Globalization     91
Who "We" Are     94
Intelligence: Information and Knowledge     98
"We Have Some Planes..."     98
Dealing With Vulnerability     100
Identification of Vulnerability and Vulnerability-Producing Mechanisms     102
Raising Awareness of Vulnerability     109
Providing Vulnerable Population With Accurate Information     112
Readiness and Response     115
Conclusion     116
Notes to Chapter 4     119
Landscapes of Security: Health and the Environment     121
The Physical Landscape: Health     121
In Sickness and in Health     123
Jurisdiction and Spillover Effects     125
Brakes and Accelerators in the Local and Global Health Environments     127
Terrorist Events as Health Events     133
Summary     137
The Physical Landscape: The Environment     139
Defining Environmental Security     141
Power and Knowledge     143
The Blurry Boundaries Between Natural, Man-Made, and Other Disasters     146
The Evolution of Disaster     149
The Evolution of Hurricane Katrina     153
The Mitigation Stage     153
The Preparedness Stage     154
The Response Stage     155
The Recovery Stage     155
The Complications of Hurricane Katrina     156
Vulnerable Risk Positions     157
Communication Breakdowns     158
Failed Leadership     160
Summary     161
Conclusion     163
Notes to Chapter 5     164
The Stages of Risk Balance and Security     165
Preparedness and Readiness     167
Insurance     167
Crisis Drills and Table Top Exercises: Imagining Dire Consequences     181
Cross-Agency Cooperation     184
Response     186
First Responders and Victims     186
Leadership in Response     189
The Media and Response Coordination     190
Recovery and Prevention     192
Litigation     193
Government Compensation     195
Returning to Normal: Re-Establishing Routines     197
Conclusion     199
Notes to Chapter 6     200
Concluding Thoughts     201
Becoming Secure: What Have We Learned?     201
Establishing Security     204
Practical Steps to Security     208
Choice     209
Decision Making     210
Cooperation     210
Planning     211
Institutional Learning     211
Communication     212
Concluding Thoughts     212
Note to Chapter 7     214
References     215
Suggested Readings     226
Index     229
About the Authors     239