Rad Tech's Guide to MRI: Basic Physics, Instrumentation, and Quality Control Book

1	Hardware Overview	1
	Instrumentation: Magnets	1
	Instrumentation: Radio-Frequency Subsystem	5
	Instrumentation: Gradient Subsystem	7
2	Fundamental Principles	11
	Electromagnetism: Faraday's Law of Induction	11
	Magnetism	12
	Behavior of Hydrogen in a Magnetic Field	13
3	Production of Magnetic Resonance Signal	17
4	Relaxation	21
5	Tissue Characteristics	23
	Proton Density	23
	T2 Relaxation	23
	T1 Relaxation	24
6	Data Acquisition and Image Formation	25
	Pulse Sequences	25
	Image Contrast Control	28
	Image Formation	37
	Data Acquisition	39
	Scan Time	44
	Controlling Image Quality with Fast Spin Echo	50
7	Magnetic Resonance Image Quality	53
	Spatial Resolution	53
	Signal-to-Noise	55
8	Artifacts	65
	Chemical Shift	65
	Chemical Shift of the Second Kind	66
	Magnetic Susceptibility	68
	Motion and Flow	70
	Spatial Presaturation	71
	Gradient Moment Nulling	72
	Compensation for Respiration	72
	Cardiac Compensation	74
	Aperiodic Motion	75
	Aliasing	77
	Gibbs and Truncation Artifact	78
	Radio-Frequency Artifacts	79
	Gradient Malfunctions	79
	Image Shading	79
	Inadequate System Tuning	80
	Reconstruction Artifacts	80
9	Flow Imaging	81
	Flow Patterns	81
	Magnetic Resonance Angiography	82
	Reduction of Flow Artifacts	85
	Signal Loss in MRA	85
	Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Time-of-Flight	86
	Signal Loss with Two-Dimensional Time-of-Flight	87
	Three-Dimensional Time-of-Flight	88
	Signal Loss with Three-Dimensional Time-of-Flight	90
	Phase Contrast Techniques	91