Polarized Light In Optics And Spectroscopy Book

	Preface	ix
1.	The Nature of Light	1
1.	Historical Background	1
2.	Light and Spectroscopy	6
	References	7
2.	Polarization Properties of Light	9
1.	Introduction	9
2.	The Wave Model and Nomenclature	9
3.	Linearly Polarized Light	11
4.	Circularly Polarized Light	13
5.	Elliptically Polarized Light	16
6.	A Pictorial Representation of Polarization	18
	Pitfalls of Describing Circular Polarization	24
	List of Symbols	26
	References	26
3.	Devices for Control of Polarized Light	27
1.	Introduction	27
2.	Linear Polarizers	29
3.	Retarders	39
4.	Depolarizers	52
	Polarization Blindness Can Be Cured!	54
	Glan-Foucault Polarizer	56
	List of Symbols	57
	References	58
4.	Introduction to the Jones Calculus, Mueller Calculus, and Poincare Sphere	59
1.	Introduction	59
2.	General Description of the Methods	60
3.	The Jones Calculus	61
4.	The Mueller Calculus	75
5.	Matrix Trains	85
6.	Examples of the Jones and Mueller Calculi	87
7.	Description of the Poincare Sphere	92
	Qualitative Interpretation of the Stokes Parameters	97
	List of Symbols	100
	References	101
5.	The Jones Calculus, Mueller Calculus, and Poincare Sphere Revisited	103
1.	Derivation of the Stokes Parameters from the Electric Vector	103
2.	Derivation of the Relations between the Electric Vector Component Amplitudes and Phase Differences and the Ellipticity and Azimuth of the Polarization Ellipse	108
3.	Explicit Determination of the Ellipticity and Azimuth from the Stokes Parameters	117
4.	Explicit Determination of the Points on the Poincare Sphere from the x and y Components of the Electric Vector	118
5.	Effect of Retardation on Points on the Poincare Sphere	129
6.	Jones N-Matrix Formulation	133
	List of Symbols	151
	References	152
6.	Spectroscopy with Polarized Light	153
1.	Introduction	153
2.	Interaction of Light with Matter	154
3.	Absorption Spectroscopy with Unpolarized Light	160
4.	Absorption Spectroscopy with Linearly Polarized Light	162
5.	Optical Rotation and Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy	171
6.	Two-Photon Absorption Spectroscopy	179
7.	Polarized Emission Spectroscopy	185
8.	Raman Spectroscopy	190
	List of Symbols	194
	References	196
7.	Orientation and Photoselection Effects	201
1.	Methods of Orienting Molecules	201
2.	Photoselection--A Qualitative Description	204
3.	Photoselection--A Quantitative Analysis	208
4.	Saturation Effects in Photoselection Experiments	219
5.	Applications of Photoselection	224
	List of Symbols	235
	References	235
8.	Polarized Light in Condensed Phases	237
1.	Introduction	237
2.	Reflection	240
3.	The Local Field	249
4.	The Kramers-Kronig Relations	256
	Results from Electrostatics of Dielectric Media	268
	Response of an Oscillator to a Driving Force	270
	Determination of Birefringence from Polarized Absorbants	270
	List of Symbols	273
	References	274
	Appendix A
	Jones and Stokes Vectors of Various Forms of Polarized Light	275
	Appendix B
I.	Jones Matrices	281
II.	Mueller Matrices	285
	Appendix C
	Jones N-Matrices	291
	Index	293