Playing Winning Chess Book

Index

Symbols
! (excellent move) 7
!! (brilliant move) 7
!? (interesting move) 7
+ (check) 11
? (poor move) 7
?! (dubious move) 7
?? (gross blunder) 7

A
advantage 183
    in force (see material, ad-vantage)
    in space (see space, advantage)
    in time (see time, advantage)
Alekhine, Alexander 141, 171
Alexandria, Nona 180-81
algebraic notation 7-11, 183, 192
    advantages of 7
    captures 9
    castling 10
    check 11
    definition 8
    distinguishing which
    piece moved 9
    en passant 11
    examples 32
    mastering 7-11
    moves 11
    names of squares 8
    periods in 11
    promotion 11
    reading 7-11
algebraic notation, continued
    symbols 7
    writing 7-11
analysis 184. See also post-mortem
Anderssen, Karl 5
annotated games xii,
149-68
annotation 184
attacks 184
    discovered 53
        examples 54, 82, 160, 205-6
    double 49
        definition 96
        examples 84, 157, 166
    mating 192
attitude 171

B
Back Rank Mate 48, 131, 191
backward pawns. See
pawns, backward
Belloti, Bruno 88
berserker. See playing styles, berserker
Bird Opening 55
Bishops
    bad 96
    in closed positions 140
    excommunicated 53
    fianchettoed 188
        definition 96
        examples 96, 125, 158, 211
    good 96
Bishops, continued
    history 17
    how to move 18
    and open diagonals 95-99, 158, 211
    in open positions 138
    of opposite color 193, 201
    pair of 18, 184
    as problem children 195
    sphere of influence 18
    strengths and weak-nesses 18, 95
    two Jans 67
    value 40
Blitz chess 6, 177
blockades 184
blunders 184
book 185. See also memorizing moves
Botvinnik, Mikhail 125, 169-70
brilliancy 185

C
calculation of variations 169. See also variations, calculating
Capablanca, José Raúl 90-91, 110, 142
    endgame skill 90
capturing 24
    definition 13
    en passant (see en passant)
Caro-Kann Defense 187
Castles. See Rooks
castling 205
    algebraic notation 10
castling, continued
    in closed positions 213
    definition 29, 31, 89, 150, 185, 207
    examples 32, 203, 208
    history 14, 30
    importance of 30, 56, 185
    Kingside 30, 185
    in open positions 136, 206
    in the opening 27
    Queenside 30, 185
center 185
Center Counter Defense 76
Cessole, Jacopo Da 30
chauvinism 3
Cheap Check 57
check
    algebraic notation 11
    announcing 23
    Cheap 57
    definition 22
    devastating 55
    discovered 82, 160
    perpetual 194, 199
    responding to 23
checkmate 186
    box method 60, 64
    definition 22
    Smothered Mate 197
    versus stalemate 26
chessboard 4
    color 4
    divisions 12
    improvising 4
    Kingside 12
    Queenside 12
    setting up 12
chess computer 149, 159
chessmen 5
    moving 13
    Staunton design 5
Chiburdanidze, Maya 3
Classical 186
clocks 6, 174
    digital 6
    double 6
    improvising 6
    mechanical 6
closed
    games (see positions, closed)
    positions (see positions, closed)
computer chess 149
    Deep Thought 182
    example 159
confidence, lack of 171-72
connected passed pawns. See pawns, connected passed
Costin, Victor 155
counterplay 186
counting space. See space, count system
Crakanthorp, Lawrence 137
cramping positions. See positions, cramped
critical positions 187

D
Dake, Arthur 179
Deep Thought 182
defending 106-7
    in the opening
        Caro-Kann Defense 187
        Center Counter Defense 76
        Dutch Defense 163
        French Defense 187, 200
        Petroff Defense 151, 159
    defending, in the opening,
        continued
        Two Knights Defense 200
    against a space advantage 107-12
    example 108
        against weak pawns 125
defenses 187. See also
    opening moves
Delmar, Eugene 163
devastating check, playing for 55
development 74-80
    and Paul Morphy 81
    definition 74, 187
    examples 76-78
    lack of, examples 156, 204
    lead in, examples 80, 82, 150-51, 158, 166
diagonals, open 95
digital clocks 6
discovered
    attacks (see attacks, discovered)
    checks (see attacks, discovered)
discovery. See attacks, discovered
Dlugy, Maxim 178
double
        attacks (see attacks, double)
        clocks 6
doubled pawns. See pawns, doubled
draw
    definition 187
    Grandmaster 189
    stalemate 26, 187
Dutch Defense 163

E
Elo, Arpad 187
Elo rating 187
endgame
    and Capablanca 90
    definition 27, 188
    and King 27, 58, 98, 143,
    206
    material advantage in 58
    players skilled in 141-43
    with King and Queen 59
    example 59
    with King and Rook 62, 67
    and pawns 27
    and pawn structure 143-45
English Opening 157
en passant 166
    algebraic notation 11
    definition 28, 187
    examples 28, 32, 202
    history 27
en prise 188
equipment 4-7
    chessboard 4
    chessmen 5
    inexpense of xii
etiquette 23, 32
evolution of chess 1-32
exchanging 188. See trading
    example 127
Excommunicated Bishop 53

F
face-off between Kings 63-65
Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE) xii, 3, 188
fianchettoed Bishops. See Bishops, fianchettoed
FIDE xii, 3, 188
files 8, 188
    half-open 190
    open 91, 192
Firmian, Nick de 177
Fischer, Bobby 136, 157, 171
flanks 188
Fool’s Mate 55
force. See also material
    dynamic factor 187
    principle of xii, 39-70, 169
forced moves 83-84, 189
forfeiting. See resigning
forks
    definition 49
    examples 49, 68, 94, 101, 127, 157, 161, 210
Frazer, Persifor 154
French Defense 187, 200
    and pawn chains 132

G
gain of time. See time, gain of gambits 78, 80, 189
    definition 78
    examples 56, 79, 137
    King’s 150
    Queen’s 108
game phases 26
games
    Anderssen-Kolisch 5
    annotated 149-68
    Botvinnik-Tal 169-70
    Capablanca-Treybal 91
games, continued
    Computer-N.N. 159-63
    Frazer-Taubenhaus 154-55
    Kaprinay-Hubner 157-59
    Kraus-Costin 155-57
    Morphy-Paulsen 5
    N.N.-Goetz 149-51
    playing over 95, 149
    Seirawan-Belloti 88
    Taylor-N.N. 151-53
    Teed-Delmar 163-65
    Zeissl-Walthoffen 165-68
Gligoric, Svetozar 171
GM 189
Goetz, Alphonse 149
Grandmaster (GM) 189
    Female (FGM) 189
    classes 3
    draw 189
Great Swindler (Frank James Marshall) 43
gardez 32

H
half-open files 190
hanging 190
hanging pawns. See pawns,
hanging
heavy pieces 191. See also
major pieces
Hubner, Hans 157
Hypermodern 190

I-J
initiative 186, 190
innovation 190
international chess federation. See FIDE
International Master (IM) 189
isolated pawns. See pawns, isolated
Janowski, David 66-67

K
Kaprinay 157
Karpov, Anatoly 179
Kasparov, Garry 3, 157
Kenny, W.S. xi
Keres, Paul 142
King
    in endgame 27, 58, 98, 143, 206
    in face-off 63-65
    history 14
    how to move 14
    moving early 153
    protecting 23, 56
        by castling 30
    sphere of influence 14
    starting position 12
    trapping 55
    value 40
    weakening 163
        examples 83, 150-51
King’s Gambit 150
Kingside, definition 12, 191
Knights
    in closed positions 140
    history 19
    how to move 19
    notation name 9
    in open positions 139
    sphere of influence 19
    strengths and weak-nesses 99-103
    value 40
Kolisch, Ignác 5
Kraus, Otto 155

L
lack of confidence 171-72
lack of development. See development, lack of
Lasker, Emanuel 107, 142
Last Exit on Brooklyn coffee house 135
lead in development. See
development, lead in
Legall’s Mate 52
liquidation 191
López, Ruy 27, 30
losing, ways of 22
loss of tempo. See time, loss of
Lucena, Luis Ramirez 30
luft 191

M
Maddox, Jonathan 137
major pieces 5, 99, 191
male chauvinism 3
maneuvers 191
Maric, Alisa 177, 179
Marshall, Frank James 43, 67
Master 191
mate 191. See also check-mate material 192
    advantage 39, 43-45, 189
        in the endgame 58-65
        examples 166, 206
        how to gain 43
    definition 14, 189
    gain of 14, 39
    imbalances, example 40
material, continued
    point count system
        definition 40-41, 194
        examples 40, 48, 100, 151, 160, 203
mating attacks 192
mechanical clocks 6
memorizing moves 103. See also book
middlegame 192
    definition 27
    how to play 115
Miles, Tony 182
minor pieces 5, 99, 192
mobility 91, 192
Morphy, Paul 5, 81, 116
motives for playing chess 2
moves
    algebraic notation 11
    forced 83-84, 189
    memorizing 103
    passive 193
    quiet 195
    reading 7-11
    sharp 196
    sound 197
    speculative 197
    writing 7-11
moving pieces and pawns 13-21

N
names of squares 8
    example 9
Nimzowitsch, Aaron 130, 184
notation. See algebraic notation
numerical values 40-41.
    See also material, point count system

O
occupying squares 192
open
    diagonals and Bishops (see Bishops, and open diagonals)
    files (see files, open)
    files and Rooks (see Rooks, and open files)
    games (see positions, open)
    positions (see positions, open)
opening 193
    definition 27
opening moves 193
    Bird Opening 55
    Caro-Kann Defense 187
    Center Counter Defense 76
    Dutch Defense 163
    English Opening 157
    French Defense 187, 200
    gambits 78, 80
        definition 189
        examples 56, 137
    King’s Gambit 150
    Petroff Defense 151, 159
    Queen’s Gambit 108
    Ruy López Opening 165, 193
    Scotch Opening 154
    Sicilian Opening 193
    Two Knights Defense 200
opposite-colored Bishops.
    See Bishops, of opposite color
origins of chess 1
overextending 193

P
passed pawns. See pawns, passed
Paulsen, Louis 5
pawn break 185
    centers 194
        examples 206
    chains 132-34, 186
        attacking 132-33, 206
        definition 194
    islands 119, 190
        definition 194
        example 89
    skeleton (see pawn structure)
    structure 115, 118-19
        in endgame 143-45
        definition 194
        principle of xii, 115-48, 169
        static factor 197
        versus piece play 212
pawns
    advanced 120
        examples 143
    backward 123
        definition 184
        examples 123, 128, 138, 156, 212
    capturing en passant 187
    connected passed 186
    doubled
        definition 120, 187
        examples 120-21, 158, 206, 212
        when to use 121
    in endgame 27
    exchanging 185
    good 129-30
    hanging, definition 190
    history 20
pawns, continued
    how they capture 20
    how to move 20
    importance of 115-16
    isolated 123
        definition 191
        examples 123, 126
    in opening 116-18
    passed 129-30
        definition 193
        examples 129, 145, 212
    poisoned 194
    promoting 193
        algebraic notation 11
        definition 21, 195
        examples 129, 208, 211, 213
    protected passed
        definition 195
        examples 130, 212
    sacrificing 137-38, 211
        example 151
    sphere of influence 21
    stopping 184
    and strategy 119
    strong 129
    tripled 122
        examples 122-23, 213
    underpromoting
        definition 67
        examples 67-68, 151
    value 40
    vulnerable 51
    weak 119-24
    attacking 126, 206
        backward 123
        curing 125-28, 128
        doubled 120
        isolated 123
        tripled 122
    worst enemy of 131
perpetual check. See check, perpetual
Peters, Jack 176
Petroff Defense 151, 159
Petrosyan, Tigran 124, 142
Philidor, François-André 115
philosophies
    Classical 186
    Hypermodern 190
pieces
    heavy 191
    major 5, 99, 191
    minor 5, 99, 192
pigs on 7th 131-32, 194
    example 130
pins
    definition 45
    examples 45-47, 52, 85, 98, 127, 154, 164, 203-4, 209-10
    using to win material 47
playing styles 198
    attacking 42
    berserker 73-74, 81, 107
    Capablanca, José Raúl 90, 93
    Keres, Paul 142
    positional 81, 107, 116, 195
    romantic 42, 196
    Steinitz, Wilhelm 107
point count system. See material, point count system points
    definition 194
    support, definition 198
popularity of chess xii, 2
positional chess 116. See
    also playing styles, positional
positions
    closed 139-41
        attacking 140
        Bishops versus
        Knights 140
        castling in 213
        definition 186
        examples 140, 143, 213
        and Rooks 140
    cramped 187, 205
        example 82
    critical 187
    holding 190
    open 136-39, 192
        Bishops versus
        Knights 138
        castling in 206
        example 136
        playing 136
    open versus closed 141
    passive 193
    sharp 196
    simplifying 197
example 160
    starting 12
    three-time repetition of 32
    wild 200
postal chess 142
postmortem 184, 195. See also analysis
prepared variations 195
principles 189
    advantages of applying 103
    and you 169-72
    force xii, 39-70, 169
    pawn structure xii, 115-48, 169
    space xii, 87-113, 169
    time xii, 71-85, 169
problem children 195
promoting pawns. See
        pawns, promoting;
        pawns, underpromoting
protected passed pawns.
        See pawns, protected passed
protecting
    King (see King, protecting)
    Queen (see Queen, protecting)

Q
Queen
    announcing attack on 32
    history 14
    how to move 15
    moving early 76-77, 150, 154
    protecting 92
    sphere of influence 15
    starting position 12
    value 40
Queen’s Gambit 108
queening. See pawns, promoting
queening square 48, 211.
        See also pawns, promoting
Queenside, definition 12, 195

R
Rachels, Stuart 178
ranks 8, 196
rating system 187, 196
reading chess moves. See
    algebraic notation
recapturing material 14
resigning
    examples 78, 155, 157, 159
    how to 25, 196
romantic 196. See also playing styles, romantic
Rooks
    announcing attack on 32
    and Castles 16
    doubled 131
    history 16
    how to move 16
    and open files 91-95, 100,
    121, 133, 140, 158
        examples 83, 89, 130
    on 7th 130-32
    sphere of influence 16
    strengths and weaknesses 91
    value 40
Root, Alexey Rudolph 178
Rubinstein, Akiba 142
Rudolph Root, Alexey 178
rules
    capturing 13
    castling 29, 31, 89, 150, 185, 207
    check and checkmate 22
    en passant 28, 187
    losing, ways of 22
    moving pieces and
    pawns 13-21
    promotion (see pawns, promoting)
    resigning 25
    setting up board 12
    stalemate 25
    three-time repetition of position 32
    time limits 6
    touch move 32
    winning, ways of 6
Ruy López Opening 165

S
sacrificing. See also gambits
    definition 196
    examples 83, 204
    pawns 138. See also pawns, sacrificing
Scholar’s Mate 52
Scotch Opening 154
Seirawan, Yasser 88, 134-36, 177-79
setting up board 12
Sicilian Defense 138
simplifying. See trading
skewers 210
Smothered Mate 57, 197
Smyslov, Vasily 142
space
    advantage 184
        and Bishops 95-99
        definition 87
        examples 166
        how to use 91-103
        and Knights 99-103
        in opening 104-5
        and Rooks 91-95
    count system
        definition 87-89, 197
  &n