Optical Methods in Engineering Metrology - D. C. Williams Book

	List of contributors
	Preface
1	Introduction	1
1.1	The optical metrologist	1
1.2	Optical measurement	3
1.3	A wider view	7
2	Laser beam geometry and its applications	11
2.1	Analysis of laser beam size	11
2.2	Increasing the precision	25
2.3	The effect of the atmosphere	43
2.4	Detection of beam position	49
2.5	Problem solving with optical devices	65
3	Alignment metrology	87
3.1	Instrumentation for alignment	88
3.2	Telescope applications	94
3.3	Flatness or level	99
3.4	Autocollimation	103
3.5	Practical problems	108
4	Photogrammetry in industrial measurement	113
4.1	The technique of photogrammetry	113
4.2	How to make a measurement	116
4.3	Mathematical formulation	119
4.4	Imaging devices	129
4.5	Towards real time	135
4.6	Applications for photogrammetry	144
5	Laser interferometry for precision engineering metrology	153
5.1	General principles	153
5.2	Stabilized laser wavelength sources	158
5.3	Heterodyne interferometry	163
5.4	Machine tool characterization	164
5.5	Laser interferometer measurement errors	166
5.6	Multiple wavelength interferometry	168
5.7	Multiple- and swept-wavelength interferometry using laser diodes	171
6	Laser vibrometry	179
6.1	Laser Doppler velocimetry	179
6.2	Solid surface vibration measurement	187
6.3	Torsional vibration measurement	194
6.4	Fibre optic vibration sensors	203
7	Industrial application of holographic interferometry	213
7.1	Holography	213
7.2	Equipment for holography	218
7.3	Measurement with holograms	228
7.4	Applications of holographic interferometry	235
7.5	Vibration analysis by holography	242
7.6	Flow visualization	253
7.7	Holographic contouring	262
8	Television holography and its applications	275
8.1	Limitations of conventional holography	275
8.2	Principles of television holography	278
8.3	Systems and their operation	286
8.4	Modulation techniques	295
8.5	Automatic fringe analysis	301
8.6	Examples of applications	316
9	Moire methods in strain measurement	339
9.1	Conventional moire measurements	339
9.2	High-resolution moire photography	348
9.3	Application of modified camera	354
9.4	Types of surface pattem	362
9.5	Additional features of the technique	372
9.6	Moire interferometry	375
10	Automatic analysis of interference fringes	385
10.1	Intensity-based methods	386
10.2	Phase-based methods	395
11	Monomode fibre optic sensors	415
11.1	Measurement using optical fibres	415
11.2	Transduction mechanisms	417
11.3	Optical processing	420
11.4	Modulators and components	430
11.5	Electronic processing	439
11.6	Applications	450
	Index	465