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Lard, Lice and Longevity: The Standard of Living in Occupied Denmark and the Netherlands, 1940-1945 Book

Lard, Lice and Longevity: The Standard of Living in Occupied Denmark and the Netherlands, 1940-1945
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Lard, Lice and Longevity: The Standard of Living in Occupied Denmark and the Netherlands, 1940-1945, , Lard, Lice and Longevity: The Standard of Living in Occupied Denmark and the Netherlands, 1940-1945
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  • Lard, Lice and Longevity: The Standard of Living in Occupied Denmark and the Netherlands, 1940-1945
  • Written by author Ralf Futselaar
  • Published by Aksant Academic Publishers, June 2007
  • Lard, Lice and Longevity reconstructs economic policies implemented in Denmark and the Netherlands during the German occupation. It clearly shows that the experiences of both these countries during World War I, and during the 1930s equipped them to introd
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Book Categories

Authors

Chapter 1 Introduction 1

The why and how of comparative research 6

Denmark and the Netherlands 10

Chapter 2 Small States in a Total War 12

Introduction 12

The economics of shortage 14

The coming of control: 1914-40 18

Model occupations: 1940-42 22

Crumbling order: 1943-45 27

After liberation 33

Conclusion 36

Chapter 3 The Mystery of the Dying Dutch 38

Measuring wartime mortality 39

The Dutch Hunger winter 45

Before the Hunger winter 48

Causes of death 50

Tuberculosis 53

Diphtheria 55

Dysentery 57

Influenza 59

Diseases compared 60

The international context 61

Conclusion 63

Chapter 4 Feeding the People 64

Introduction 64

The birth and growth of food administrations 66

Rationing: fair and fitting 69

The agricultural transformation 72

The Hunger winter and its aftermath 77

Nutrition compared 80

Conclusion 87

Chapter 5 From Riches to Rags 88

Introduction 88

Fuel 90

Soap 94

Textiles and shoes 96

Footwear 101

Housing 104

The loss of foreign luxuries 105

Conclusion 106

Chapter 6 Value for Money 108

Introduction 108

The bureaucracies of price control 110

Quality deterioration 113

Food prices 114

Non-food prices 118

Crushing inflation? 122

Coping strategies 126

Conclusion 130

Chapter 7 Poverty in Moneyed Times 131

Introduction 131

The bleak 1930s 133

Welfare and tax 135

The scourge of unemployment 136

Working for war 139

Wages beyond control 143

Beating inflation 151

The unwaged 154

Conclusion 156

Chapter 8 The Shadow Economy 158

Introduction 158

Parallel markets 160

The rise of the shadow economy 162

Crime and criminals 166

The horn of plenty 174

Tobacco185

Fuel 187

Durables, soap and other items 189

Conclusion 190

Chapter 9 Filth, food and infectious disease mortality 192

Crowds and crowding 194

Personal and domestic hygiene 197

Food safety 202

Impaired immunity 204

vd: the key to TB susceptibility? 205

Stress 206

Quantitative and qualitative malnutrition 207

Food availability 208

Availability and consumption 210

The medical impact 211

Orphan blood 214

Conclusions and remaining questions 221

Chapter 10 Conclusion 224

A note on archival sources and abbreviations 229

Appendix I 231

Appendix II 234

Bibliography 236

Index 248


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