International Benchmarking of U.S. Chemical Engineering Research Competitiveness Book

Executive Summary     1
Summary     5
Background     16
Chemical Engineering in Transition     16
Study Charge and Panel Approach     21
Chemical Engineering Research: Its Key Characteristics, Its Importance for the United States, and the Task of Benchmarking     24
What Is Chemical Engineering?     24
Benchmarking U.S. Chemical Engineering Research     31
Benchmarking Results: Assessment of U.S. Leadership in Chemical Engineering at Large     39
Virtual World Congress     39
Journal Publications     43
Patent Publication Analysis     60
Prizes, Awards, and Recognitions     64
Summary     65
Experts Who Organized the Virtual World Congress by Nominating Its Keynote Speakers     66
The List of Journals Examined for Publications and Citations     73
Benchmarking Results: Detailed Assessment of U.S. Leadership by Area of Chemical Engineering     77
Area-1: Engineering Science of Physical Processes     78
Area-2: Engineering Science of Chemical Processes     96
Area-3: Engineering Science of Biological Processes     109
Area-4: Molecular and Interfacial Science and Engineering     117
Area-5: Materials     120
Area-6: Biomedical Products and Biomaterials     134
Area-7: Energy     142
Area-8: Environmental Impact and Management     151
Area-9: Process Systems Development and Engineering     164
Summary     177
Key Factors Influencing Leadership     182
Innovation     183
Centers, Major Facilities, and Instrumentation     187
Human Resources     192
R&D Funding     201
Projection of Leadership Determinants     212
Summary and Conclusions     218
NSF Research Proposal Funding Rate, 1997 to 2005     220
Conclusions     224
Appendixes
Statement of Task     231
Panel Biographies     232