Headache pathogenesis Book

	Contributing Authors
	Preface to the Series
	Preface
1	Migraine Pain Originates from Blood Vessels	3
2	Neuropeptide Analysis: Past, Present, and Future	11
3	Discussion Summary: General Aspects of Messenger Molecules: Localization, Methods for Measurement, Receptors, and Second Messengers	17
4	Messenger Molecules in the Cranial Sympathetic Nervous System	21
5	Messenger Molecules in the Cranial Parasympathetic Nervous System	37
6	Messenger Molecules in the Cranial Sensory Nervous System	47
7	Endothelial Messengers and Cerebral Vascular Tone Regulation	61
8	Discussion Summary: Messenger Molecules in Cranial Blood Vessels	73
9	Messenger Molecules Involved in Sensitization of Peripheral Nerve Endings	79
10	Messenger Molecules Involved in Central Sensitization	89
11	Messenger Molecules Involved in Sensitization at Supraspinal Levels	99
12	An Epidemiological Study on the Activity of Cannabis in Idiopathic Headache	107
13	Activation of Cutaneous Afferent Neurons by Adenosine Triphosphate in the Neonatal Rat Tail-Spinal Cord Preparation in Vitro	111
14	Cortical Spreading Depression Does Not Activate Trigeminal C Fibers	117
15	Systemic Nitroglycerin Activates Catecholaminergic, Neuropeptidergic, and Nitric Oxide Pathways in the Rat Brain	123
16	Discussion Summary: Role of Messenger Molecules in Pain Processing	131
17	Amines and Amino Acids in Migraine	139
18	Amines, Purines, and Amino Acids in Tension-Type Headache and Cluster Headache	145
19	Effects of Migraine Treatments on Amines and Amino Acid Messenger Molecules	153
20	Systemic Administration of m-Chlorophenylpiperazine Does Not Induce Fos Expression in the Rat Trigeminal Nucleus Caudalis	161
21	Release of Histamine from Dural Mast Cells by Substance P and Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide and Effect of Sumatriptan	167
22	Variability of Vascular Receptors on the Human Cerebral Arteries as Determined in Vitro	173
23	Variability of the Vascular [alpha]-Adrenoceptor on Human Omental Vessels: An in Vitro Study	177
24	A Study on Hormonal Responses and Painful Attacks Induced by m-Chlorophenylpiperazine in Cluster Headache Patients during Cluster Period	181
25	Discussion Summary: Involvement of Amines and Amino Acids in Primary Headache	187
26	Opioid Peptides in Primary Headaches	193
27	Nonopioid Peptides in Migraine and Cluster Headache	201
28	Increased Plasma Level of Endothelin-1 in Cluster Headache	211
29	Plasma Homocysteine Levels in Primary Headache	215
30	Endothelin-B Receptors in Human Temporal Artery	219
31	Presence of Contractile Endothelin-A and Dilatory Endothelin-B Receptors in Human Cerebral Arteries	223
32	Evidence for Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide-1 Receptors in Human Cranial Arteries	229
33	Discussion Summary: Involvement of Neuropeptides in Primary Headaches	235
34	Nitroxidergic Nerve in Cranial Arteries	241
35	Nitric Oxide Synthase Activation and Inhibition in Migraine	247
36	The Nitric Oxide Hypothesis of Migraine and Other Vascular Headaches	255
37	Normal Radial Artery Dilation during Reactive Hyperemia in Migraine without Aura	267
38	Effect of the Nitric Oxide Donor Glyceryl Trinitrate on Nociceptive Thresholds in Humans	273
39	Nitric Oxide as the Final Mediator of Headaches Induced by Central and Peripheral Serotoninergic Mechanisms	279
40	Spreading Depression Evokes a Quantity of Release of Cortical Nitric Oxide Not Correlated to a Change in Pial Artery Diameter or Regional Pial Cerebral Blood Flux	283
41	Nitric Oxide Synthesis in Nitric Oxide Donor Migraine	287
42	Endothelium-Dependent Mechanics of Nitric Oxide Donor Migraine	291
43	5-Hydroxytryptamine[subscript 1] Agonists Inhibit the Activity of Constitutive Nitric Oxide Synthase in Guinea Pig Cerebral Vessels	297
44	Discussion Summary: Involvement of Nitric Oxide-Cyclic GMP Pathway Products in Primary Headaches	303
	Subject Index	307