Handbook of Avian Hybrids of the World Book

Introduction

Using this Book 3

Identifying Hybrids 14

Hybrid Zones 8

Hybrid Populations and Taxa 27

Causes of Hybridization 31

Underreporting 33

Future Research 37

Cross Accounts

Ostriches, Rheas, and Kiwis 39

Tinamous 39

Brush-turkeys and Scrubfowls 39

Upland Game Birds 41

New World Quails 65

Screamers 67

Swans, Geese, and Ducks 67

Honeyguides 102

Woodpeckers 102

Barbets and Tinkerbirds 110

Toucans and Aracaris 112

Jacamars 114

Puffbirds 114

Hombills 114

Hoopoes 115

Woodhoopoes 115

Scimitar-bills 116

Trogons 116

Rollers 117

Courol 117

Motmots 117

Todies 118

Kingfishers 118

Kookaburras 119

Bee-eaters 119

Mousebirds 120

Cuckoos and Coucals 120

Parrots and Their Allies 121

Cockatoos 141

Swifts 143

Crested-Swifts 143

Hummingbirds 144

Turacos 155

Bam Owls 155

Typical Owls 156

Nightjars, Frogmouths, and Nighthawks 158

Pigeons and Doves 158

Bustards 165

Cranes 165

Rails 167

Sandgrouses 168

Plovers, Sandpipers, and Their Allies 169

Jacanas 171

Oystercatchers 171

Stilts and Avocets 172

Pratincoles 172

Jaegers and Skuas 173

Gulls, Terns, and Noddies 173

Alcids 179

Eagles, Hawks, and Old WorldVultures 180

Falcons 184

Grebes 187

Boobies and Gannets 188

Cormorants 188

Herons and Egrets 189

Flamingos 192

Ibises and Spoonbills 192

Pelicans 193

New World Vultures 194

Storks 194

Penguins 194

Loons 195

Shearwaters, Petrels, and Prions 196

Albatrosses 198

Pittas 199

Asities 199

Tyrant Flycatchers 199

Manakins 204

Ovenbirds and Their Allies 205

Australo-Papuan Treecreepers 210

Lyrebirds 210

Bowerbirds 211

Fairywrens 211

Honeyeaters212

Pardalotids 214

Austialo-Papuan Robins 215

Australo-Papuan Babblers 216

Shrikes 216

Vireos and Greenlets 219

Quail-thrushes 220

Sittcllas 220

Whistlers and Shrike-thrushes 221

Jays and Magpie-Jays 221

Crows, Ravens, Magpies, and Nutcrackers 224

Birds of Paradise 228

Artamids 232

Figbirds and Orioles 233

Cuckoo-shrikes 233

Fantails and Drongos 233

loras 234

Bushshrikes and Helmetshnkes 234

Waxwings 235

Thrushes 235

Old World Flycatchers 241

Starlings and Mynas 243

Mimids 245

Nuthatches 246

Wrens, Tree-Creepers, and Gnatcatchers 247

Tits, Chickadees, and Their Allies 248

Swallows 253

Regulids 255

Bulbuls and Greenbuls 255

Cisticolids 258

White-eyes 260

Old World Warblers 261

Larks 265

Sunbitds and Their Allies 266

Old World Sparrows 268

Pipits and Wagtails 270

Weavers and Their Allies 272

Estrildine Finches 275

Indigobirds and Whydahs 294

Fringillid Finches 295

Hawaiian Finches 307

Wood Warblers 307

Tanagers, Cardinals, and Their Allies 316

New World Blackbirds 333

Appendices

1 Canary Crosses 339

2 Dubious Reports 345

3 Internet Citations 349

Works Cited 355

Index of English and Scientific Names 515