Gorilla Society: Conflict, Compromise, and Cooperation Between the Sexes Book

Acknowledgments     xvii
Introduction
Introduction     3
Summary
The Book's Aim     3
What Is a Society? What Is Socioecology?     4
Why Primate Socioecology?     6
Why Gorilla Socioecology?     11
Structure of the Book     13
Primate Socioecology: A Brief Introduction     17
Summary     17
Socioecology     19
Food and Society     23
Predation and Society     33
Mating and Society     41
Rearing and Society     57
Conclusion     59
Gorillas, Ecology, and Society
Introducing Gorillas: Some Background     65
Summary     65
Distribution, Taxonomy, and Study Sites     65
Life History and Reproduction     74
Conclusion     87
Gorilla Ecology and Society: A Brief Description     91
Gorilla Ecology     91
Summary: Gorilla Ecology     91
Introduction: Gorilla Ecology     91
Conclusion: Gorilla Ecology     112
Gorilla Society     112
Summary: Gorilla Society     112
Introduction: Gorilla Society     113
Conclusion:Gorilla Society     141
Female Strategies and Gorilla Society
Summary     145
Female Strategies and Society: Food and Grouping     147
Summary     147
Introduction: Gorillas; Food, Competition, and Cooperation     148
Female Strategies: Food, Competition, and Grouping     149
Female Strategies: Food, Cooperation, and Emigration     158
Comparison with Pan and Pongo     168
Conclusion     169
Female Strategies: Male Influences on Females' Competition, Cooperation, and Grouping     175
Summary     175
The Male Is a Major Competitor     176
The Male Mitigates Competition Among Females     179
The Male Mitigates the Benefits of Females' Cooperation     180
Comparison with Pan and Pongo     181
Conclusion     182
Female Strategies: Male Influences; Joining a Protective Male     187
Summary     187
Protection from Predation     187
Summary: Protection from Predation     188
Conclusion: Escaping Predation as the Cause of Females' Association with a Male     202
Protection from Infanticide     202
Summary: Protection from Infanticide     202
Conclusion: Escaping Infanticide as the Cause of Females' Association with a Male     214
Conclusion: Predation or Infanticide?     215
Female Strategies: Male Influences; Emigration and Choice of Males     225
Summary     225
Introduction     226
Female Emigration and Mate Choice: Finding a Better Protector     226
Female Emigration and Mate Choice: Avoiding Inbreeding     229
Comparison with Pan and Pongo     235
Conclusion     237
Female Strategies: Conflict, Compromise, and Cooperation Between The Sexes     241
Summary     241
Gorilla Female Society     241
Gorilla Society: An Unusually Strong Influence of Males?     245
Gorilla Society: An Unusual Product from Interaction of Usual Rules     246
Male Strategies and Gorilla Society
Summary     251
Male Strategies and Society: Influences of The Environment and of Females     253
Summary     253
Association as a Means of Access to Females     253
Predation, Infanticide, and Association with Females     258
Comparison with Pan and Pongo     258
Conclusion     262
Male Mating Strategies and Gorilla Society     267
Summary      267
Competition to Be Sole Breeder     268
Maturing Males: Stay or Emigrate?     280
Variation Across Gorilla Populations     288
Comparison with Pan and Pongo     296
Conclusion     300
Male Strategies and the Nature of Society: Conflict, Compromise, and Cooperation Between the Sexes     305
Summary     305
Gorilla Society: The Influence of Females on Males     306
Gorilla Society: The Influence of Males on Females     307
Gorilla Society: Conflict, Compromise, and Cooperation     307
Males and Society: A Familiar Case Study?     308
Males and Society: An Unfamiliar Case Study?     310
Gorilla Society: The Future
Gorilla and Primate Socioecology: The Future     313
Summary     313
Gorilla Society Yesterday     315
Gorilla Society Today     317
Gorilla and Primate Society Tomorrow     318
Socioecology and Gorilla Conservation     337
Summary     337
Introduction     338
Conservation's Five Questions: Why? What? How Much? Where? How?     338
Socioecology and Conservation     358
Conclusion     373
References     377
Author Index      441
Subject Index     451