Dynamics of Organizational Populations: Density, Legitimation, and Competition Book

1.	Introduction	3
	Organizational Populations Studied	6
	Analytic Strategy	12
	Relation to Other Theory and Research	20
	The Plan of This Book	23
2.	Theoretical Approach	25
	Competition Processes	26
	Legitimation Processes	33
	Density, Competition, and Legitimation	37
	Density Dependence in Vital Rates	44
	Reversibility of Processes	47
	Conclusion	48
3.	Models and Modeling Strategy	50
	Classical Models of Population Growth	51
	Relating Vital Rates to Legitimation and Competition	54
	Density Dependence in Founding Rates	60
	Density Dependence in Mortality Rates	65
	Interpretations of Density Dependence	67
4.	Density and Founding Rates	75
	Prior Research	76
	Methodological Issues	78
	Generalized-Yule and Log-Quadratic Models	83
	Logistic and Gompertz Models	86
	Theoretical Implications	90
5.	Interactions Between Subpopulations	98
	Multi-Population Models	99
	Empirical Results	101
6.	Density and Organizational Mortality	116
	Prior Research	119
	Results	121
	Controls for Size and Total Mass	127
	Implications of Unobserved Heterogeneity	131
	Theoretical Implications	138
7.	Complications	143
	Levels of Analysis	145
	Apparent Reversals	156
	Left-truncated Observation Schemes	163
8.	Population Trajectories	168
	Simulation Methods	170
	Simulating Historical Trajectories	174
	Density Dependence	179
	Discussion	185
9.	Implications for Social Organization	188
	Extending the Theory	190
	Issues of Microfoundations	194
	Applications to Other Types of Problems	200
Appendix A	Designs of Empirical Studies	207
	Labor Unions	209
	Newspapers and Newspaper Publishers	215
	Brewing Firms	220
	Banks	224
	Life Insurance Companies	228
Appendix B	Methods of Analysis	232
	Event Data and Stochastic Models of Vital Rates	232
	Analysis of Organizational Founding Rates	235
	Analysis of Rates of Organizational Mortality	244
Appendix C	Simulation Program	248
	References	261
	Name Index	279
	Subject Index	283