Demographic Differences in Organizations: Current Research and Future Directions Book

	List of Tables	ix
	List of Figures	xi
	Preface	xiii
1.	Defining the Problem	1
	Salient Dimensions of Diversity	3
	A Demographic Profile of the Contemporary U.S. Workforce	6
	Demographic Diversity in Organizations	12
	Distinction between Demography and Diversity	13
	Outline of the Book	16
2.	Three Approaches to Demographic Analysis in Organizations	19
	The Categorical Approach: Demography As Personal Traits	19
	The Compositional Approach: Demography As Structural Properties of a Group	21
	The Relational Approach: Demography As Social Relationships between an Individual and the Group	23
	Summary	24
3.	Research on Demographic Diversity	25
	A Review of Demography Studies	27
	Lessons from Demography Research	41
	Conclusions	46
4.	The Multiple Meanings of Demography	47
	Demography As Social Information about People	48
	Demography As a Source of Identity for the Individual	53
	Summary	59
5.	Understanding Vertical and Horizontal Pairs from a Demographic Point of View	61
	The Nature of Demographic Differences in Vertical Dyads	62
	Demographic Differences in Horizontal Dyads	71
	Provider-Customer Dyads	73
	Summary	75
6.	Understanding Demographic Diversity in Groups	77
	Nature of Demographic Diversity in Work Groups	78
	Implications of Demographic Diversity for Relatively Permanent Organizational Groups: Research Findings	80
	Implications of Demographic Diversity for Temporary Groups: Research Findings	95
	Summary	98
7.	Understanding Demographic Diversity in Organizations	101
	Nature of Demographic Diversity in Organizations	102
	Implications of Demographic Diversity in Organizations: Research Findings	103
	Conclusion	115
8.	Demographic Diversity in the International Arena: The Chinese Case	117
	The Meaning of Guanxi	118
	Research Evidence on Guanxi and Relational Demography	125
	Future Directions	128
9.	An Integrative Framework of Demographic Diversity in Organizations	131
	Visible versus Non-visible Demographic Factors	131
	Mediating Processes	134
	Effects or Outcomes	135
	The Moderating Role of the Context	136
	Antecedents of Demographic Diversity in Organizations	139
	Propositions on the Integrative Framework	140
	Summary	142
10.	Managing Demographic Diversity	145
	Personal Strategies for Managing Demographic Differences	146
	Dyad-Level Strategies for Managing Demographic Diversity	153
	Group Strategies for Managing Demographic Diversity	156
	Organizational Strategies for Managing Demographic Diversity	162
	Summary	168
11.	Directions for Future Research	171
	Important Demographic Issues Requiring More Research	172
	Conclusion: Partnership and Collaboration for New Knowledge	178
12.	Conclusion	179
	Demographic Diversity As an Organizational Asset: The Value of Differences	180
	Demographic Diversity As a Personal Asset: The Value of Uniqueness	182
	The End Is Where It Begins	184
	References	185
	Index	199
	About the Authors	203