Control of Biological & Drug-Delivery Systems for Chemical, Biomedical, & Pharmaceutical Engineering Book

1. Introduction

1.1 The Role of Process Dynamics and Control in Branches of Biology

1.2 The Role of Process Dynamics and Control in Drug-Delivery Systems

1.3 Instrumentation

1.4 Summary

2. Mathematical Models

2.1 Background

2.2 Dynamics of Bioreactors

2.3 One- and Two-Compartment Models

2.4 Enzyme Kinetics

2.5 Summary

3. Linearization and Deviation Variables

3.1 Computer Simulations

3.2 Linearization of Systems

3.3 Glycolytic Oscillation

3.4 Hodgkin-Huxley Model

3.5 Summary

4. Stability Considerations

4.1 Definition of Stability

4.2 Steady-State Conditions and Equilibrium Points

4.3 Phase-Plane Diagrams

4.4 Population Kinetics

4.5 Dynamics of Bioreactors

4.6 Glycolytic Oscillation

4.7 Hodgkin-Huxley Model

4.8 Summary

5. Laplace Transforms of Linear Systems

5.1 Definitions of Laplace Transforms

5.2 Properties of Laplace Transforms

5.3 Laplace Transforms of Functions, Derivatives and Integrals

5.4 Laplace Transforms of Linear Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations

5.5 Continuous Fermentation

5.6 Two-Compartment Models

5.7 Gene Regulation

5.8 Summary

6. Inverse Laplace Transforms

6.1 Heaviside Expansions

6.2 Residue Theorem

6.3 Continuous Fermentation

6.4 Degradation of Plasmid DNA

6.5 Constant-Rate Intravenous Infusion

6.6 Transdermal Drug-Delivery Systems

6.7 Summary

7. Transfer Functions

7.1 Input-Output Models

7.2 Derivation of Transfer Functions

7.3 One- and Two-Compartment Models: Michaelis-Menten Kinetics

7.4 Controlled-Release Systems

7.5 Summary

8. Dynamic Behaviors of Typical Plants

8.1 First-, Second- and Higher-Order Systems

8.2 Reduced-Order Models

8.3 Transcendental Transfer Functions

8.4 Time Responses of Systems with Rational Transfer Functions

8.5 Time Responses of Systems with Transcendental Transfer Functions

8.6 Bone Regeneration

8.7 Nitric Oxide Transport to Pulmonary Arterioles

8.8 Transdermal Drug Delivery

8.9 Summary

9. Closed-Loop Responses with P, PI and PID Controllers

9.1 Block Diagram of Closed-Loop Systems

9.2 Proportional Control

9.3 Proportional-Integral Control

9.4 Proportional-Integral-Derivative Control

9.5 Total Sugar Concentration in a Glutamic Acid Production

9.6 Temperature Control of Fermentations

9.7 Dissolved Oxygen Concentration

9.8 Summary

10. Frequency Response Analysis

10.1 Frequency Response for Linear Systems

10.2 Bode Diagrams

10.3 Nyquist Plots

10.4 Transdermal Drug Delivery

10.5 Compartmental Models

10.6 Summary

11. Stability Analysis of Feedback Systems

11.1 Routh-Hurwitz Stability Criterion

11.2 Root Locus Analysis

11.3 Bode Stability Criterion

11.4 Nyquist Stability Criterion

11.5 Cheyne-Stokes Respiration

11.6 Regulation of Biological Pathways

11.7 Pupillary Light Reflex

11.8 Summary

12. Design of Feedback Controllers

12.1 Tuning Methods for Feedback Controllers

12.2 Regulation of Glycemia

12.3 Dissolved Oxygen Concentration

12.4 Control of Biomass in a Chemostat

12.5 Controlled Infusion of Vasoactive Drugs

12.6 Bone Regeneration

12.7 Fed-Batch Biochemical Processes

12.8 Summary

13. Feedback Control of Dead-Time Systems

13.1 Smith Predictor-Based Methods

13.2 Control of Biomass

13.3 Zymomonas Mobilis Fermentation for Ethanol Production

13.4 Fed-batch Cultivation of Acinetobacter Calcoaceticus RAG-1

13.5 Regulation of Glycemia

13.6 Summary

14. Cascade and Feedforward Control Strategies

14.1 Cascade Control

14.2 Feedforward Control

14.3 Insulin Infusion

14.4 A Gaze Control System

14.5 Control of pH

14.6 Summary

15. Effective Time Constant

15.1 Linear Second-Order Ordinary Differential Equations

15.2 Sturm-Liouville Eigenvalue Problems

15.3 Relaxation Time Constant

15.4 Implementation in Mathematica?

15.5 Controlled-Release Devices

15.6 Summary

16. Optimal Control and Design

16.1 Orthogonal Collocation Techniques

16.2 Dynamic Programming

16.3 Optimal Control of Drug-Delivery Rates

16.4 Optimal Design of Controlled-Release Devices

16.5 Implementations in Mathematica?

16.6 Summary