Battle of Cognition: The Future Information-Rich Warfare and the Mind of the Commander Book

Introduction   Alexander Kott     1
Variables and Constants: How the Battle Command of Tomorrow Will Differ (or Not) from Today's   Richard Hart Sinnreich     10
The Timeless Conditions of Battle     13
The Changing Context of Command     15
Key Command Tasks     18
Recurring Command Dilemmas     24
New Command Challenges     29
Enhancing Future Battle Command     33
A Journey into the Mind of Command: How DARPA and the Army Experimented with Command in Future Warfare   Alexander Kott   Douglas J. Peters   Stephen Riese     37
A Battle of 2018     37
Network-Enabled Warfare     41
The History of the MDC2 Program     44
Experimental Testbed     46
The Blue Command     48
The Commander Support Environment     50
A Typical Experiment     53
A Typical Battle History     59
Information Processing, Situation Awareness, and Battle Command     61
New Tools of Command: A Detailed Look at the Technology That Helps Manage the Fog of War   Richard J. Bormann Jr.     64
The Architecture of the BCSE     65
Warfighter's Command Functions and Tools withinCSE     75
An Illustrative Scenario     87
The Decision Support Framework     90
Situation Awareness: A Key Cognitive Factor in Effectiveness of Battle Command   Mica R. Endsley     95
Challenges for SA in Command and Control     98
System Design for SA in Command and Control     105
SA Requirements Analysis     107
SA-Oriented Design Principles     109
SA Design Evaluation     110
Shared SA in Team Operations     112
SA in Distributed and Ad Hoc Teams     117
The Hunt for Clues: How to Collect and Analyze Situation Awareness Data   Douglas J. Peters   Stephen Riese   Gary Sauer   Thomas Wilk     120
Data Collection     120
Situation Awareness-Technical     124
Sensor Coverage     128
Situation Awareness-Cognitive     130
Battle Tempo     135
Collaborative Events     136
Making Sense of the Battlefield: Even with Powerful Tools, the Task Remains Difficult   Stephen Riese   Douglas J. Peters   Stephen Kirin     140
Information Advantage Rules     140
SA Is Hard to Maintain     143
Gaps and Misinterpretations     149
Common but Not Shared     157
The Cognitive Load     162
Experimental Design and Analysis     165
Enabling Collaboration: Realizing the Collaborative Potential of Network-Enabled Command   Gary L. Klein   Leonard Adelman   Alexander Kott     167
The Collaboration Evaluation Framework (CEF)     168
Three Points of Impact     169
Task Transmissions     170
Hierarchical Level and Information Abstraction     171
Collaboration and Levels of Situation Awareness     174
Types of Coordination and Collaborative Behaviors     176
Types of Task Processes     179
Type of Interdependence     180
Task Environment     180
Concept of Operations     181
Applying the Collaboration Evaluation Framework     183
Impact on Mission-Oriented Thinking     184
High Cognitive Costs of Mutual Adjustments     189
Collaboration in a Disrupted Command     190
The Time to Decide: How Awareness and Collaboration Affect the Command Decision Making   Douglas J. Peters   LeRoy A. Jackson   Jennifer K. Phillips   Karol G. Ross     194
Collecting the Data about Decision Making     197
The Heavy Price of Information     203
Addiction to Information     205
The Dark Side of Collaboration     206
Automation of Decisions     208
The Forest and the Trees     210
Concluding Thoughts   Alexander Kott     212
The Tools of Network-Enabled Command     213
The Challenges of Network-Enabled Command     217
Terms, Acronyms, and Abbreviations     223
Acknowledgments     233
Notes     237
Index     247
About the Contributors     257