Automotive Computer Controlled Systems Book

	Preface	ix
	Acknowledgements	xi
Chapter 1	Common Technology	1
1.1	Common technology	1
1.2	Engine-related systems	2
1.3	Ignition systems	2
1.4	Computer controlled petrol fuelling systems	10
1.5	Engine management systems (EMS)	17
1.6	Anti-lock braking (ABS)	19
1.7	Traction control	22
1.8	Stability control	25
1.9	Air conditioning	27
1.10	Computer controlled damping rate	30
1.11	Computer controlled diesel engine management systems	30
1.12	Summary	38
1.13	Review questions	38
Chapter 2	The Computer ECM	40
2.1	The fundamental parts of a computer	40
2.2	A practical automotive computer system	41
2.3	Principles of operation	44
2.4	Computer data	45
2.5	Computer interfaces	46
2.6	Control of output devices	47
2.7	Computer memories	48
2.8	Fault codes	51
2.9	Adaptive operating strategy of the ECM	51
2.10	Networking of computers	52
2.11	Vehicle network systems	55
2.12	Prototype network systems	59
2.13	Summary	62
2.14	Review questions	63
Chapter 3	Self-diagnosis and fault codes	65
3.1	Access to DTCs	65
3.2	Developments in self-diagnosis	78
3.3	Diagnostic equipment and limitations of DTCs	81
3.4	Review questions	83
Chapter 4	Diagnostic tools and equipment	85
4.1	Diagnostic tools that connect to the ECM	85
4.2	Breakout boxes	94
4.3	The digital multimeter	95
4.4	Portable flat screen oscilloscopes	96
4.5	Diagnostic tool and oscilloscope combined	97
4.6	Pressure gauges	99
4.7	Calibrating test instruments	103
4.8	Location charts and wiring diagrams	103
4.9	Sources of diagnostic data	103
4.10	Exhaust gas emissions and emission system testing	105
4.11	Review questions	110
Chapter 5	Sensors	112
5.1	Electromagnetic sensors	112
5.2	Optical sensors	118
5.3	Combustion knock sensors	119
5.4	Variable resistance type sensors	121
5.5	Temperature sensors	125
5.6	Ride height control sensor	125
5.7	Manifold absolute pressure (MAP)	126
5.8	Exhaust gas oxygen sensors	130
5.9	Air flow measurement	138
5.10	The practical importance of sensor knowledge	144
5.11	Review questions	144
Chapter 6	Actuators	146
6.1	Actuator operation	146
6.2	Petrol engine fuel injectors	147
6.3	Testing of petrol injectors	149
6.4	Exhaust gas recirculation	154
6.5	Petrol engine idle speed control	155
6.6	Ignition system	161
6.7	ABS actuators	161
6.8	A clamping diode	162
6.9	Electronic unit injectors	163
6.10	Review questions	165
Chapter 7	Diagnostic techniques	168
7.1	Circuit testing	168
7.2	Vehicle specific details	172
7.3	The 'six-steps' approach	173
7.4	Skills required for effective diagnosis	174
7.5	An approach to fault finding	175
7.6	Emissions related testing	179
7.7	Ignition system tests	198
7.8	Diesel injection	200
7.9	Sensor tests on other systems	202
7.10	Intermittent faults	207
7.11	Summary	209
7.12	Review questions	210
Chapter 8	Additional technology	212
8.1	Partial and absolute pressures	212
8.2	The piezoelectric effect	213
8.3	Liquid crystal displays	214
8.4	Countering cross-talk	216
8.5	Logic devices	216
8.6	OBD II	223
8.7	Computer performance (MIPS)	227
8.8	Supplementary restraint systems (SRS)	227
8.9	The coded ignition key	231
8.10	Fault tracing	232
8.11	Precautions when working with computer controlled systems	233
8.12	Variable capacitance sensor	233
8.13	Optoelectronics	233
8.14	Review questions	235
	Appendix
A.1	Companies who supply equipment and diagnostic data	237
A.2	Answers to review questions	237
A.3	OBD II standard fault codes	238
	Index	249