Integrated River Basin Management through Decentralization Book

River Basin Management at the Lowest Appropriate Level: When and Why Does it Work in Practice?     1
River Basin Management at the Lowest Appropriate Level: When and Why Does It (Not) Work in Practice?     3
Motivation for This Study     3
Study Approach     3
What Does "River Basin Management at the Lowest Appropriate Level" Mean, and Why Is It Important?     4
Analytical Framework     5
Contextual Factors and Initial Conditions     6
Characteristics of the Decentralization Process     9
Central-Local Relationships and Capacities     10
Basin-Level Institutional Arrangements     13
Plan of the Book     14
Comparative Analysis of Case Studies     17
Characteristics of the River Basin Organizations, Decentralization Reforms, and Approaches to Stakeholder Involvement     17
The Basin Cases and the Analytical Framework     22
Questions, Findings, and Conclusions     22
Implications for Policy and Research     32
Determinants of River Basin Management Decentralization: Motivation, Process, and Performance     33
Introduction     33
Development of Hypotheses     34
Background     34
Hypotheses: Analysis of Variables     35
Data and Variable Formation     40
Distributional Facts of the Sample River Basin Organizations     40
Data Manipulation     41
Empirical Analysis     42
The Empirical Models     42
Empirical Specifications of the Decentralization Process and Its Performance     43
Results of the Statistical Analysis     44
Decentralization Process     44
Decentralization Performance     44
Interaction between Decentralization Process and Its Level of Performance     45
Interpretation of Results     45
Conclusion and Policy Implications     47
Statistical Tables     49
Variables Used in the Analysis     60
The Case Studies     63
Australia: Murray-Darling Basin     65
Background     65
Introduction     65
Basin Characteristics     65
Water Resource Problems     66
Decentralization Process     68
Pre-reform Arrangements for Water Resource Management     68
Impetus for Reform     68
Reform Process     69
Current Situation     72
Application of Analytical Framework     73
Contextual Factors and Initial Conditions     73
Characteristics of Decentralization Process     73
Central-Local Relationships and Capacities     75
Internal Configuration of Basin-Level Arrangements     76
Performance Assessment     77
Stakeholder Involvement     77
Developing Institutions for Integrated Water Resource Management     79
Effectiveness and Sustainability     80
Summary and Conclusions     81
Review of Basin Management Arrangements     81
Future Prospects     82
Brazil: Alto Tiete Basin     85
Background     85
Introduction     85
Basin Characteristics     85
Water Resource Problems     87
Decentralization Process     90
Pre-reform Arrangements for Water Resource Management     90
Impetus for Reform     91
Reform Process     91
Current Situation     94
Application of Analytical Framework     94
Contextual Factors and Initial Conditions     94
Characteristics of Decentralization Process     97
Central-Local Relationships and Capacities     97
Internal Configuration of Basin-Level Arrangements      98
Performance Assessment     99
Stakeholder Involvement     99
Developing Institutions for Integrated Water Resource Management     101
Effectiveness and Sustainability     103
Summary and Conclusions     105
Review of Basin Management Arrangements     105
Future Prospects     107
Brazil: Jaguaribe Basin     111
Background     111
Introduction     111
Basin Characteristics     111
Water Resource Problems     113
Decentralization Process     115
Pre-reform Arrangements for Water Resource Management     115
Impetus for Reform     115
Reform Process     116
Current Situation     120
Application of Analytical Framework     121
Contextual Factors and Initial Conditions     122
Characteristics of Decentralization Process     122
Central-Local Relationships and Capacities     123
Basin-Level Institutional Arrangements     124
Performance Assessment     124
Stakeholder Involvement     124
Developing Institutions for Integrated Water Resource Management     125
Effectiveness and Sustainability      126
Summary and Conclusions     127
Review of Basin Management Arrangements     127
Future Prospects     129
Canada: Fraser Basin     131
Background     131
Introduction     131
Basin Characteristics     131
Water Resource Problems     132
Decentralization Process     133
Pre-reform Arrangements for Water Resource Management     133
Impetus for Reform     136
Reform Process     137
Current Situation     139
Application of Analytical Framework     140
Contextual Factors and Initial Conditions     140
Characteristics of Decentralization Process     140
Central-Local Relationships and Capacities     141
Basin-Level Institutional Arrangements     141
Performance Assessment     142
Stakeholder Involvement     142
Developing Institutions for Integrated Water Resource Management     143
Effectiveness and Sustainability     143
Summary and Conclusions     145
Review of Basin Management Arrangements     145
Future Prospects     146
Costa Rica: Tarcoles Basin      149
Background     149
Introduction     149
Basin Characteristics     149
Water Resource Problems     151
Decentralization Process     152
Pre-reform Arrangements for Water Resource Management     152
Impetus for Reform     153
Reform Process     154
Current Situation     155
Application of Analytical Framework     155
Contextual Factors and Initial Conditions     157
Characteristics of Decentralization Process     158
Central-Local Relationships and Capacities     159
Basin-Level Institutional Arrangements     160
Performance Assessment     160
Stakeholder Involvement     160
Developing Institutions for Integrated Water Resource Management     162
Effectiveness and Sustainability     163
Summary and Conclusions     164
Review of Basin Management Arrangements     164
Future Prospects     165
Indonesia: Brantas Basin     167
Background     167
Introduction     167
Basin Characteristics     167
Water Resource Problems     168
Decentralization Process      170
Pre-reform Arrangements for Water Resource Management     170
Impetus for Reform     170
Reform Process     172
Current Situation     173
Application of Analytical Framework     175
Contextual Factors and Initial Conditions     176
Characteristics of Decentralization Process     176
Central-Local Relationships and Capacities     177
Basin-Level Institutional Arrangements     178
Performance Assessment     179
Stakeholder Involvement     179
Developing Institutions for Integrated Water Resource Management     180
Effectiveness and Sustainability     181
Summary and Conclusions     182
Review of Basin Management Arrangements     182
Future Prospects     185
Poland: Warta Basin     187
Background     187
Introduction     187
Basin Characteristics     187
Water Resource Problems     188
Decentralization Process     190
Pre-reform Arrangements for Water Resource Management     190
Impetus for Reform     191
Reform Process     191
Current Situation     193
Application of Analytical Framework     194
Contextual Factors and Initial Conditions     194
Characteristics of Decentralization Process     194
Central-Local Relationships and Capacities     195
Basin-Level Institutional Arrangements     196
Performance Assessment     197
Stakeholder Involvement     197
Developing Institutions for Integrated Water Resource Management     199
Effectiveness and Sustainability     200
Summary and Conclusions     203
Review of Basin Management Arrangements     203
Future Prospects     203
Spain: Guadalquivir Basin     207
Background     207
Introduction     207
Basin Characteristics     208
Water Resource Problems     208
Decentralization Process     209
Pre-reform Arrangements for Water Resource Management     209
Impetus for Reform     209
Reform Process     211
Current Situation     212
Application of Analytical Framework     216
Contextual Factors and Initial Conditions     216
Characteristics of Decentralization Process     216
Central-Local Relationships and Capacities      217
Basin-Level Institutional Arrangements     218
Performance Assessment     219
Stakeholder Involvement     219
Developing Institutions for Integrated Water Resource Management     219
Effectiveness and Sustainability     221
Summary and Conclusions     223
Review of Basin Management Arrangements     223
Future Prospects     226
Conclusion     227
River Basin Management: Conclusions and Implications     229
Patience Is a Virtue     230
One Size Does Not Fit All     232
Possibilities Are Everywhere     234
Shared Responsibility Is Essential     236
References     239
Additional Reading     245
Index     249