Visual Impairment Book

	Foreword
	Acknowledgements
	Contributors
	Introduction
1	Historical Perspectives	3
2	Educational Provision	13
3	The Effects of a Visual Loss	23
4	Anatomy and Physiology of the Eye	30
5	Common Eye Defects and their Educational Implications	38
6	Assessment of Vision	51
7	Low Vision Devices for Children and Young People with a Visual Impairment	64
8	Assessment Procedures	76
9	The Pre-school Child	87
10	The Primary School Child	97
11	The Adolescent	110
12	Transition to Adulthood	116
13	Careers and Vocational Education	124
14	Counselling	134
15	Listening Skills	143
16	The Development of Literacy through Touch	149
17	Mobility and Independence Skills	159
18	The Preparation of Raised Diagrams	171
19	Study Skills	179
20	Access through Technology	187
21	The Learning Environment	196
22	English	207
23	Mathematics	218
24	Science	236
25	Humanities	244
26	Modern Foreign Languages	253
27	Information Technology	264
28	Music	271
29	Physical Education	279
30	Art and Design	289
31	Extracurricular Activities	301
32	Children with Multiple Disabilities and a Visual Impairment	313
33	Development of Early Communication	324
34	Educational Technology	335
35	Functional Vision Assessment and Development in Children and Young People with Multiple Disabilities and Visual Impairment	345
36	Multi-sensory Impairment	355
37	Curriculum Issues	366
38	Management Issues in Multiple Disabilities	377
39	Working with Families	389
40	The Peripatetic/Advisory Teacher	397
41	Support for Pupils within Mainstream Provision	407
42	The Special School Teacher	413
43	Consultancy Skills	419
44	Competencies of Teachers of Children and Young People with a Visual Impairment	427
	References	433
	Index	456