New Directions in Music Book

	Preface	v
	Introduction	vii
	Ben Johnston: Art and Survival	viii
1	Origins	1
	An Overview of Tonality	1
	Expanded Scale Resources	3
	Extensions of Triadic Harmony	5
	Musical Hierarchy	9
	Vectoral Analysis
	Edgard Varese: Density 21.5	10
	George Rochberg: No Center	12
2	Atonality and Serialism	17
	Atonality and Pitch Class	17
	Sets, Vectors, and Subsets	17
	Serial Techniques	22
	Combinatoriality	25
	Integral Serialism	26
	Vectoral Analysis
	Anton von Webern: Symphonie, op. 21	29
	David Cope and Galen Wilson: An Interview with Pierre Boulez	30
3	Texturalism	33
	Principles	33
	Cluster Techniques	35
	Rhythmic Developments	39
	Vectoral Analysis
	Krzysztof Penderecki: Capriccio for Violin and Orchestra	41
	David Felder and Mark Schneider: An Interview with Krzysztof Penderecki	43
4	Timbralism and Tuning	49
	Traditional Instrument Exploration	49
	New Instruments	59
	Timbre and Spatial Modulation	64
	Non-Western Influences	66
	Microtones and Tuning Systems	68
	Vectoral Analysis
	Peter Maxwell Davies: Eight Songs for a Mad King	71
	Tom Everett: An Interview with Henry Brant	73
5	Indeterminacy	77
	Improvisation	77
	Indeterminacy	82
	Composer Indeterminacy	84
	Performer Indeterminacy	85
	Composer and Performer Indeterminacy	88
	Vectoral Analysis
	John Cage: Cartridge Music	94
	David Cope: An Interview with John Cage	96
6	Experimentalism	103
	Fundamentals	103
	Danger Music	105
	Conceptualism	106
	Biomusic	109
	Soundscapes	110
	Multimedia, Mixed Media, and Intermedia	114
	Virtual Reality and the Internet	125
	Vectoral Analysis
	Pauline Oliveros: Sonic Meditation XIII	125
	Morton Feldman: Between Categories	127
7	Electroacoustic Music	131
	Background	131
	Fundamental Concepts	134
	Examples	136
	Poeme electronique	145
	Digital Electroacoustic Music	147
	MIDI	151
	Vectoral Analysis
	Jean-Claude Risset: Inharmonic Soundscapes	154
	Andrew R. Brown: An Interview with Paul Lansky	156
8	Algorithmic Composition	159
	Background	159
	Expert Systems	162
	Neural Networks	166
	Mathematical Sources	167
	Interactive Composition	167
	Current Programs	168
	Vectoral Analysis
	Iannis Xenakis: Atrees	174
	John Cage, Lukas Foss, Iannis Xenakis: Short Answers to Difficult Questions	179
9	Minimalism	183
	Sources	183
	Minimalism	183
	The New Tonality	185
	Vectoral Analysis
	Philip Glass: Einstein on the Beach	188
	Andrew R. Brown: An Interview with Steve Reich	190
10	Integration	197
	Background	197
	Synthesis	198
	Quotation	201
	Vectoral Analysis
	Luciano Berio: Sinfonia	203
	David Felder: An Interview with Luciano Berio	206
	Postlude	209
	Appendix I	211
	Glossary of Terms	211
	Appendix II	215
	Biographical Data	215
	Appendix III	221
	Notations	221
	Introduction	221
	Brief Bibliography	221
	New Music Notations	222
Appendix IV227
	Source Addresses	227
	Record Companies	227
	Periodicals	227
	Music Publishers	228
	Hardware	229
	Software	229
	MIDI Organizations and Publications	230
	Web Addresses (a few interesting websites)	230
	Bibliography	231