Women's Activism in Contemporary Russia Book

	Preface
Ch. 1	Introduction	1
Ch. 2	Women's Activism in Historical Context	15
	Tsarist Autocracy and Constraints on Women's Activism	17
	The Soviet Order	20
	Elvira Novikova	33
Ch. 3	Women and the Transition	43
	Economic and Political Transformations	44
	Women and the Economy	47
	Women and Political Voice	51
	Organizing Women as Politics	55
	Alternative "Emancipations"	60
	Natalia Belokopytova	65
	The State and Ideological Emancipation	69
Ch. 4	The Union of Women of Russia and Alevtina Fedulova	72
	The Soviet Women's Committee	73
	The Committee and the Transition	76
	Alevtina Fedulova	79
Ch. 5	The Zhensovety and Olga Bessolova	107
	Zhensovety	108
	Olga Bessolova	113
Ch. 6	The Center for Gender Studies, the Independent Women's Forum, and Anastasia Posadskaya	127
	The Center for Gender Studies	128
	Anastasia Posadskaya	133
Ch. 7	The Women's League, Gaia, and Elena Ershova	150
	The Women's League	151
	Gaia	154
	Elena Ershova	158
Ch. 8	Business and Economic Development Organizations	179
	The Transition and Economic Organizing	180
	Conversion and Women and Eleanora Ivanova	183
	The Association of Small Towns and Tatiana Tsertsvadze	188
	The International Institute for Entrepreneurial Development and Leah Lerner	193
	Economic Organizations and the Women's Movement	201
Ch. 9	Interpreting Russian Women's Activism	204
	Activists' Lives in Historical Context	208
	Analyzing the Women's Movement	215
App. A	Registered Women's Organizations in Russia	233
App. B	Open Letter to American Women Issued on Behalf of the Congress of Soviet Women, July 1993	235
	Notes	237
	Interviews with Portrayed Activists	257
	Works Cited	259
	Index	269