Advances in Bladder Research Book

Section I.	Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions in the Bladder
	Overview of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions in the Bladder	3
1.	Uroplakins as Markers of Urothelial Differentiation	7
2.	Urothelial Tissue Regulation: Unraveling the Role of the Stroma	19
3.	Creation of Bladder Tissue in Vitro and in Vivo: A System for Organ Replacement	31
4.	Reconstruction of the Urinary Bladder by Auto-Augmentation, Enterocystoplasty, and Composite Enterocystoplasty	43
5.	Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions in the Bladder: Implications for Bladder Augmentation	49
6.	Serosal Thickening, Smooth Muscle Cell Growth, and Phenotypic Changes in the Rabbit Bladder Wall during Outflow Obstruction and Regeneration	63
7.	Replicative Senescence in Human Uroepithelial Cells	83
8.	Ultrastructural Smooth Muscle Ontogeny of the Rat Bladder	93
	Discussion: Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions in the Bladder	103
Section II.	Muscle and Extracellular Matrix in the Bladder
	Overview of Muscle and Extracellular Matrix in the Bladder	117
9.	Fetal Bladder Physiology	121
10.	Developmental Aspects of the Contractile Smooth Muscle Component in Small Intestinal Submucosa Regenerated Urinary Bladder	129
11.	Contractile Protein Changes in Urinary Bladder Smooth Muscle following Outlet Obstruction	137
12.	Calcium Ion Homeostasis in Urinary Bladder Smooth Muscle	155
13.	Cyclooxygenase-2: A Key Regulator of Bladder Prostaglandin Formation	171
14.	Role of Angiotensin II in Bladder Smooth Muscle Growth and Function	183
15.	New Concepts on the Normal and Abnormal Developing Bladder	193
16.	Biochemical and Physiological Characterization of the Urinary Bladder in Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome	201
17.	The Role of Collagen in Bladder Filling	215
	Discussion: Muscle and Extracellular Matrix in the Bladder	225
Section III.	Nerves and Pharmacology in the Bladder
	Overview of Nerves and Pharmacology in the Bladder	237
18.	Pathways for Relaxation of Detrusor Smooth Muscle	241
19.	Maturation of Bladder Reflex Pathways during Postnatal Development	253
20.	Subcellular Distribution of Free Fatty Acids, Phospholipids, and Endogenous Lipase Activity of Rabbit Urinary Bladder Smooth Muscle and Mucosa	265
21.	Effects of Glutamate Receptor Antagonists on Lower Urinary Tract Function in Conscious Unanesthetized Rats	275
22.	Observations from the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat: Insight into NGF Regulation and Noradrenergic Hyper-Innervation in the Lower Urinary Tract	283
23.	Role of Na[superscript +]-K[superscript +]-ATPase Activity in Regulation of Detrusor Contractility and Diabetic Bladder Dysfunction	293
24.	Restoration of Bladder Function in Spastic Neropathic Bladder Using Sacral Deafferentation and Different Techniques of Neurostimulation	303
	Discussion: Nerves and Pharmacology	311
Section IV.	Infection, Immunology, and Interstitial Cystitis in the Bladder
	Overview of Infection, Immunology, and Interstitial Cystitis in the Bladder	323
25.	Pathophysiology of Bacterial Cystitis	325
26.	Role of Vaginal Colonization in Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)	339
27.	Host Factors in Susceptibility to Urinary Tract Infections	351
28.	Induction of Nitric Oxide Synthase with Urinary Tract Infections	359
29.	Interferon Alpha for the Treatment of Superficial Bladder Cancer	371
	Discussion: Infection, Immunology, and Interstitial Cystitis in the Bladder	387
Section V.	Cancer of the Bladder
	Overview of Cancer of the Bladder	395
30.	Urokinase (u-PA) and the u-PA Receptor: Modulation of in Vitro Invasiveness of Human Bladder Cancer Cell Lines	399
31.	The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in an in Vitro Model of Bladder Tumor Invasion	413
32.	DNA Methylation in Development of Bladder Cancer	419
33.	Cellular Proliferation and Cell-Cell Cycle Regulatory Proteins as Prognostic Markers for Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder	425
34.	Urothelial Differentiation and Bladder Cancer	437
35.	Complexity, Retinoid-Responsive Gene Networks, and Bladder Carcinogenesis	449
36.	Tumor Cell Motility: A Novel Therapeutic Target in Bladder Carcinoma, Experimental and Clinical Results	469
	Discussion: Cancer of the Bladder	477
	Index	485