Pan Asianism: A Documentary History, Volume 1, 1850d1920 Book

Preface and Acknowledgments xi

Note on Transliteration and Translation xiii

Introduction: The Emergence of Pan-Asianism as an Ideal of Asian Identity and Solidarity, 1850-2008 Sven Saaler Christopher W. A. Szpilman 1

Part I The Dawn of Pan-Asianism, 1850-1900 43

1 The Concept of "Asia" before Pan-Asianism Matsuda Koichiro 45

2 The Foundation Manifesto of the Koakai (Raising Asia Society) and the Ajia Kyokai (Asia Association), 1880-1883 Urs Matthias Zachmann 53

3 The Genyosha (1881) and Premodern Roots of Japanese Expansionism Joël Joos 61

4 Koa-Raising Asia: Arao Sei and Inoue Masaji Michael A. Schneider 69

5 Tarui Tokichi's Arguments on Behalf of the Union of the Great East, 1893 Kyu Hyun Kim 73

6 Konoe Atsumaro and the Idea of an Alliance of the Yellow Race, 1898 Urs Matthias Zachmann 85

7 Okakura Tenshin: "Asia Is One," 1903 Brij Tankha 93

8 Okakura Tenshin and Pan-Asianism, 1903-1906 Jing He 101

Part II The Era of Imperialism and Pan-Asianism in Japan, 1900-1914 113

9 The Foundation Manifesto of the Toa Dobunkai (East Asian Common Culture Society), 1898 Urs Matthias Zachmann 115

10 The Kokuryukai, 1901-1920 Sven Saaler 121

11 Miyazaki Toten's Pan-Asianism, 1915-1919 Christopher W. A. Szpilman 133

12 Pan-Asianism, the "Yellow Peril," and Suematsu Kencho, 1905 Sven Saaler 141

13 Hatano Uho: Asia in Danger, 1912 Renée Worringer 149

14 Nagai Ryutaro: "The White Peril," 1913 Peter Duus 161

Part III Asian Responses to Imperialism and Japanese Pan-Asianism, 1900-1922 169

15 So Chaep'il: Editorials from Tongnip Sinmun (The Independent), 1898-1899 Kim Bongjin 171

16 Zhang Taiyan and the Asiatic Humanitarian Brotherhood, 1907 Yuan P. Cai 177

17 Aurobindo Ghose: "The Logic of Asia," 1908-1909 Brij Tankha 185

18 Sin Ch'ae-ho: "A Critique of Eastemism," 1909 Kim Bongjin 191

19 Abdurresid Ibrahim: "The World of Islam and the Spread of Islam in Japan," 1910 Selçuk Esenbel 195

20 An Chung-gun: "A Discourse on Peace in East Asia," 1910 Eun-jeung Lee 205

21 Benoy Kumar Sarkar: The Asia of the Folk, 1916 Brij Tankha 211

22 Li Dazhao: "Greater Asianism and New Asianism," 1919 Marc Andre Matten 217

23 Kurban Ali and the Tatar Community in Japan, 1922 Selçuk Esenbel 223

24 Rash Behari Bose: The Indian Independence Movement and Japan Eri Hotta 231

Part IV The Breakdown of the Imperialist Order: World War I and Pan-Asianism, 1914-1920 241

25 Germany, Sun Yat-sen, and Pan-Asianism, 1917-1923 Sven Saaler 243

26 Pan-Asianism during and after World War I: Kodera Kenkichi (1916), Sawayanagi Masataro (1919), and Sugita Teiichi (1920) Sven Saaler 255

27 Kita Ikki: "An Unofficial History of the Chinese Revolution," 1915, and "The Outline of a Plan for the Reconstruction of Japan," 1919 Christopher W. A. Szpilman 271

28 Tokutomi Soho and the "Asiatic Monroe Doctrine," 1917 Alistair Swale 279

29 Paul Richard: To Japan, 1917, and The Dawn over Asia, 1920 Christopher W. A. Szpilman 287

30 Kita Reikichi: "Misunderstood Asianism" and "The Great Mission of Our Country," 1917 Christopher W. A. Szpilman 297

31 Taraknath Das: Pan-Asian Solidarity as a "Realist" Grand Strategy, 1917-1918 Cemil Aydin 305

32 Konoe Fumimaro: "A Call to Reject the Anglo-American Centered Peace," 1918 Eri Hotta 311

Consolidated Bibliography 319

Index 347

List of Contributors to Volume 1 355