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Contributor contact details xi
Woodhead Publishing in Textiles xiv
Preface xix
1 Surface modification and preparation techniques for textile materials M. J. John R. D. Anandjiwala 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Natural fibres 2
1.3 Synthetic fibres 4
1.4 Surface preparation techniques for textile materials 5
1.5 Surface modification techniques for textile materials 7
1.6 Recent studies on the modification of textiles 9
1.7 Future trends 22
1.8 References 23
2 Textile surface characterization methods Q. Wei, F. Huang Y. Cai 26
2.1 Introduction 26
2.2 Surface characterization by advanced microscopies 27
2.3 Surface characterization by advanced spectrometers 44
2.4 Surface wetting and contact angles 50
2.5 Future trends 53
2.6 References 54
3 Textile surface functionalization by physical vapor deposition (PVD) Q. Wei Y. XU Y. Wang 58
3.1 Introduction 58
3.2 Working principles of physical vapor deposition 59
3.3 Funtionalization of textiles by sputtering 63
3.4 Interfacial bonding 79
3.5 Future trends 86
3.6 References 86
4 Surface grafting of textiles N. Abidi 91
4.1 Introduction 91
4.2 Techniques of surface grafting 91
4.3 Properties achieved and applications 101
4.4 Strengths and weaknesses of surface grafting 104
4.5 Future trends 105
4.6 Sources of further information and advice 105
4.7 References 105
5 Modification of textile surfaces using electroless deposition S. Q. Jiang R. H. Guo 108
5.1 Introduction 108
5.2 The techniques and key principles of electroless deposition 109
5.3 Characterisation of electroless copper- and nickel-plated polyester fabrics 112
5.4 Strengths and weaknesses of electroless deposition122
5.5 Future trends 123
5.6 Sources of further information and advice 123
5.7 References 124
6 Textile surface functionalisation by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) J. I. B. Wilson 126
6.1 Introduction 126
6.2 Practical methods for chemical vapour deposition 129
6.3 Characteristics of chemical vapour deposition coatings 132
6.4 Applications 133
6.5 Current trends and potential advances in uses and techniques 136
6.6 Further sources of information 137
6.7 References 137
7 Enzyme surface modification of textiles V. A. Nierstrasz 139
7.1 Introduction: principles of enzyme surface modification of textile materials 139
7.2 Enzymes, technologies and materials (natural materials, synthetic materials, biomaterials) 142
7.3 Strengths and weaknesses of enzyme surface modification 155
7.4 Future trends 156
7.5 Acknowledgements 157
7.6 References 158
8 Modification of textile surfaces using nanoparticles N. Vigneshwaran 164
8.1 Introduction 164
8.2 Nanoparticles synthesis and characterization 165
8.3 Functional properties using nanoparticles 169
8.4 Commercialization of nanofinishing in textiles 180
8.5 Strengths and weaknesses of nanotechnology for surface modification 182
8.6 Future trends 182
8.7 References 182
9 Modification of textile surfaces using the sol-gel technique T. Texotr 185
9.1 Introduction: the principles of the sol-gel technique 185
9.2 General aspects of textile finishing using (nano-)sols 190
9.3 Sol-gel-based finishing effects 197
9.4 Future trends 209
9.5 References 210
10 Nano-modification of textile surfaces using layer-by-layer deposition methods P. LU B. Ding 214
10.1 Introduction 214
10.2 The LbL deposition technique 218
10.3 LbL deposition on textile surfaces 221
10.4 Conclusions and future trends 232
10.5 Acknowledgements 233
10.6 References 233
11 Surface modification of textiles for composite and filtration applications A. S. Hockenberger 238
11.1 Introduction 238
11.2 Surface modification of textiles for composites 239
11.3 Surface properties of reinforcing fibers and applications 246
11.4 Surface modification of textiles for filtration 257
11.5 Applications of surface-modified fibers used for filtration 260
11.6 Future trends 262
11.7 References 264
12 Surface modification of textiles by aqueous solutions J. Wang J. Liu 269
12.1 Introduction 269
12.2 Mechanisms and chemistries of textile surface modifications 270
12.3 Applications of surface modification of textiles by aqueous solutions 280
12.4 Future trends 291
12.5 References 293
13 Surface modification of textiles by plasma treatments R. R. Mather 296
13.1 Introduction 296
13.2 Nature of plasmas 297
13.3 Plasma generation 297
13.4 Low-pressure versus atmospheric-pressure treatments 299
13.5 Strengths and limitations of plasma treatments 300
13.6 Characterisation of plasma-treated textile surfaces 301
13.7 Modifications to textile surfaces 303
13.8 Applications 311
13.9 Future trends 313
13.10 Sources of further information and advice 314
13.11 References 314
14 Emerging approaches to the surface modification of textiles Q. Wei 318
14.1 The expansion of textiles into technical applications 318
14.2 New techniques for surface modification 319
14.3 Future trends 321
14.4 References 322
Index 325
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Randall Becker
reviewed Surface Modification of Textiles on January 04, 2009
Surface Modification of Textiles
"The language of Americanism remains supple and malleable, capable of introducing a variety of experiences and ideas into the nation's political discourse. To the extent to which liberals and radicals want to attain political power, they must learn, or relearn, how to speak this language. Those who set themselves such a task might begin their education with a consideration of how an earlier generation of political insurgents -- those active in Woonsocket and elsewhere in the 1930s -- constructed a "new, progressive Americanism" and made it an instrument of their empowerment." - pg. 336
Written in the Reagan era, this closing paragraph makes the reference to the specter of Reagan in a different review all the more clear. Yet, it has a timely factor for the post-2016 era as well. Gary Gerstle's Working-Class Americanism challenges the prevalent idea that Americanism is a conservative ideology by traveling to Woonsocket, Rhode Island during the post-World War I era, when two groups in the city -- the ethnic traditionalist French-Canadians and the secular modernist radicalist Franco-Belgians -- came together in the Independent Textile Union (ITU) and created a labor movement that turned New England into a bastion of labor organizing. Tracking the rise and fall of the ITU from 1914 to 1960, Gerstle shows how the social democratic leaders, like Joseph Schmetz, reformulated his (and his union's) socialist ideas and goals through an Americanist language that stressed socialism's connection to the American political heritage, revered the Founding Fathers, American Revolution, and Lincoln, and promoted unity through an identification with American society. Far from incompatible, he helped engineer labor successes and support for a radical, socialist vision of industrial democracy. However, this progressive Americanism alienated the traditional French-Canadians who preferred a communal, ethnic vision. In the late 1930s, they began coalescing around a distinctive ethnic unionism that pushed a parochial, communal, and patriarchal style. With the centrality of religion (Catholicism) and anti-communism, they won union control away from the ITU radicals. By the 1940s, Americanism underwent another transformation, this time through the levers of the federal government, towards cultural pluralism and anti-communism, ultimately undermining the traditionalist segment of the ITU. In the end, both the radical and traditional conceptions of Americanism lost their hold on Woonsocket.
The most enduring lesson, and theme, that Gerstle argues is the variability of Americanism as a political language. Rather than a conservative ideology, Americanism can -- and has -- encompassed disparate political traditions, on opposite sides of the spectrum separate from each other, or, like his case study shows, within the same organization. More than a labor history and a community study, Gerstle refashions political ideology through a new lens.
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