Chemistry in the Laboratory Book

Preface First-Day Instructions Introduction Safety Rules Laboratory Regulations Basic Laboratory Equipment and Procedures Burets for Reduced Scale Titration (Microburets)

1. Scientific Measurements
2. Mass and Volume Relationships
3. Separations of Food Dyes by Paper Chromatography Separation of Lycopene and Beta-Carotene by Thin Layer Chromatography
4. Observing the Reactions of Household Chemicals Deductive Chemical Reasoning
5. A Cycle of Copper Reactions
6. Synthesis of a Chemical Compound: Making Alum from Aluminum
7. The Chemistry of Oxygen: Basic and Acidic Oxides and the Periodic Table
8. Determination of a Chemical Formula: The Reaction of Iodine with Zinc
9. Determination of a Chemical Formula by Titration The Reaction of Calcium with Water ______________________________________________________________________________

A Study Assignment The Language of Chemistry: Chemical Nomenclature
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10. The Estimation of Avogadro's Number
11. The Molar Volume of Dioxygen and Other Gases
12. The Molar Mass of a Gas A Reduced Scale Method
13. The Reactivity of Metals with Hydrochloric Acid
14. The Heat Capacity of Metals
15. Enthalpy Changes in Chemical Reactions: Hess's Law
16. The Enthalpy of Combustion of a Vegetable Oil
17. Emission Spectra and the Electronic Structure of Atoms The Hydrogen Atom Spectrum
18. Ionic and Covalent Bonding Conductivity of Solutions of Ionic and Covalent Compounds ______________________________________________________________________________

B Study Assignment Writing Lewis Structures
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19. VSEPR Theory of Molecular Shapes
20. Intermolecular Forces Slime Gel: Making and Killing Slime
21. Liquids and Solids The Vapor Pressure and Enthalpy of Vaporization of Water The Enthalpy of Fusion of Water
22. Colligative Properties The Molar Mass of a Soluble Substance by Freezing point Depression
23. Some Examples of Chemical Equilibria Le Chatelier's Principle
24. Determination of an Equilibrium Constant by Spectrophotometry The Iron(III)-Thiocyanate Complex Ion
25. Factors Affecting the Rates of Chemical Reactions
26. The Rate of a Chemical Reaction Chemical Kinetics
27. The pH Scale and Acid-Base Titrations Standardization of NaOH Solution The Titration of Vinegar and Stomach Antacids
28. Determination of the Molar Mass and Ionization Constant of a Weak Acid
29. The Chemistry of Natural Waters Water Hardness by EDTA Titration Water Softening by Ion Exchange
30. The Solubility Product Constant of Calcium Iodate, Ca(IO3)2
31. The Qualitative Analysis of Some Alkaline Earth and Alkali Metal Ions Analysis of Cations in Seawater
32. The Qualitative Analysis of Some Common Anions Analysis of Anions in Seawater
33. Qualitative Analysis of Unlabeled Solutions:
The N-Solution Problem
34. Oxidation-Reduction Electron Transfer Reactions
35. Redox Titrations The Oxidizing Capacity of a Household Cleanser or Liquid Bleach
36. Electrochemical Cells
37. Electrochemical Puzzles Metal Corrosion and Anodic Protection The Golden Penny Experiment
38. The Chemistry of Some Nonmetals
39. Equilibria of Coordination Compounds
40. Atmospheric Chemistry of Nitric Oxide Smog and Acid Rain
41. Ozone in the Atmosphere A Web Based Lab Activity
42. Ultraviolet Light, Sunscreens and DNA
43. Natural Radioactivity The Half-Life of Potassium-40 in Potassium Chloride

APPENDIX Tables of Data Table 1. The International System (SI) of Units and Conversion Factors Table 2. Fundamental Physical and Mathematical Constants Table 3. Vapor Pressure of Water at Different Temperatures Table 4. Concentrations of Desk Acid and Base Solutions Table 5. The Color Changes and pH Intervals of Some Important Indicators Table 6. Equilibrium Constants for the Dissociation of Acids and Bases (25°C)
Table 7. Equilibrium Constants for the Dissociation of Complex Ions, Amphoteric Hydroxides, and Weak Salts ( 25°C)
Table 8. General Solubility Rules for Common Salts and Bases Table 9. Solubility Product Constants (18-25°C)
Table 10. Standard Reduction Potentials (25°C)
Table 11. International Atomic Masses (Based on 12C = 12 exactly)