Accounting Theory: Conceptual Issues in a Political and Economic Environment, 7th Edition Book

Preface
1. AN INTRODUCTION TO ACCOUNTING THEORY
Accounting Theory and Policy Making
The Role of Measurement in Accounting
Plan of This Book
Appendix 1-A: Valuation Systems
2. ACCOUNTING THEORY AND ACCOUNTING RESEARCH
Accounting Research and Scientific Method
Is Accounting an Art or a Science?
Directions in Accounting Research
A Scientific Revolution in Accounting?
3. DEVELOPMENT OF THE INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
Accounting in the United States Prior to 1939
Formative Years, 1930-1946
Postwar Period, 1946-1959
Modern Period, 1959 to the Present
4. THE ECONOMICS OF FINANCIAL REPORTING REGULATION
The Case for Unregulated Markets for Accounting Information
Regulated Markets
Imperfections of Accounting Regulation
The Regulatory Process
Economic Consequences of Accounting Policy
5. POSTULATES, PRINCIPLES, AND CONCEPTS
Postulates and Principles
Basic Concepts Underlying Historical Costing
Equity Theories
Appendix 5-A: The Basic Postulates of Accounting
Appendix 5-B: A Tentative Set of Broad Accounting Principles for Enterprises
6. THE SEARCH FOR OBJECTIVES
ASOBAT
APB Statement 4
The Trueblood Committee Report
SATTA
User Objectives and User Diversity
7. THE FASB'S CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
The FASB Conceptual Framework
The Conceptual Framework as a Codificational Document
Empirical Research on the Conceptual Framework
Assessing the Conceptual Framework
8. USEFULNESS OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION TO INVESTORS AND CREDITORS
Earnings, Dividends and Stock Prices
Residual Income Models
Background on Risk andReturn
Introduction to Capital Markets Research in Accounting
The Value of Accounting Information: Evidence From Return Data
The Value of Accounting Information: Evidence From Direct Valuation
Accounting Data and Creditors
Importance of Earnings Forecasting
Empirical Research and Standard Setting
9. UNIFORMITY AND DISCLOSURE: SOME POLICY-MAKING DIRECTIONS
What Underlies the Choice Among Accounting Methods?
Uniformity
The Usefulness of Accounting Allocations
Disclosure
10. INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING
National Accounting Differences
International Harmonization of Accounting Standards
11. THE BALANCE SHEET
The Relationship Between the Balance Sheet and the Income Statement
Assets
Liabilities
Owners' Equity
Financial Instruments
Classification in the Balance Sheet
Appendix 11-A: A Simple Example of a Weather Derivative
12. THE INCOME STATEMENT
Income Definitions
Revenues and Gains
Expenses and Losses
Future Events and Accounting Recognition
Current Operating Versus All-Inclusive Income
Nonoperating Sections
Earnings per Share
Special Subjects Concerning Income Measurement
Earnings Management
Income Statement Developments
13. STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
The Statement of Changes in Financial Position
The Motivation for a Cash Flow Statement
Requirements of the Cash Flow Statement
Classification Problems of SFAS No. 95
Analytical Usefulness of the Cash Flow Statement
Cash and Funds Flow Research
Improving the SCF
14. ACCOUNTING FOR CHANGING PRICES AND INFLATION
Institutional Aspects of Inflation Accounting Prior to SFAS No. 33
An Overview of Inflation Accounting
Provisions of SFAS No. 33 and Rejection in SFAS Nos. 82 and 89
SFAS No. 157
15. INCOME TAXES AND FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
Income Tax Allocation
The Asset-Liability Orientation of SFAS No. 109
Empirical Research on Income Tax Allocation
International Accounting Standards
16. PENSIONS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS
Overview of Pension Plans
Development of Pension Accounting Standards
Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions
International Accounting Standards
Appendix 16-A: Illustration of Pension Expense Determination and Actuarial Funding Methods
17. LEASES
The Lease Contract
The Evaluation of Lease Accounting Standards
Lease Accounting Under the IASB
18. INTERCORPORATE EQUITY INVESTMENTS
Relevant Circumstances
Consolidation
The Equity Method
The Fair Value Method
Defining the Reporting Entity
Translation of Foreign Operations
Appendix 18-A: Special Purpose Entities, Variable Interest Entities and the Downfall of Enron