The J2EE Architect's Handbook: How to be a successful technical architect for J2EE applications Book

	Preface	xi
	How the Book Is Organized	xii
	Common Resources	xiii
	Feedback	xiii
	Acknowledgments	xiii
1.	Project Development Team and Project Life Cycle	1
	Project Development Team: Roles and Responsibilities	1
	Technical Architect	2
	Project Manager	5
	Business Analyst	5
	Layout Designer	6
	Presentation-Tier Developer	6
	Business Logic Developer	7
	Data Modeler	7
	Database Administrator	7
	Data Migration Specialist	8
	Infrastructure Specialist	8
	Testing Specialist	8
	Project Life Cycle Approaches	9
	Waterfall Approach	9
	Iterative Approaches	9
	Rational Unified Process	10
	Which Approach Is Most Popular?	11
	Consider a Hybrid Approach	11
	Further Reading	12
Section 1	Planning J2EE Applications	13
2.	Defining the Project	15
	Identifying Project Scope	17
	Identifying the Actors	17
	Writing Use Cases	19
	Common Mistakes	22
	Architect's Exercise: ProjectTrak	23
	Prototyping	24
	Further Reading	25
3.	Scope Definition and Estimation	27
	Defining Scope	27
	Basics of Estimating	28
	An Algorithm for Estimating	29
	Architect's Exercise: ProjectTrak	31
	Further Reading	32
4.	Designing External Application Interfaces	33
	Selecting a Communication Method	34
	Asynchronous Communication	35
	Synchronous Communication	35
	Comparing the Two Methods	37
	Common Mistakes	39
	Determining a Data Structure	39
	Error-Handling Requirements	42
	Error Notification Procedures	42
	Retry Procedures	42
	External Interface Guidelines	43
	Architect's Exercise	45
Section 2	Designing J2EE Applications	47
5.	A Layered Approach to J2EE Design	49
	Overview of the Layering Concept	49
	Data Access Object Layer	52
	Choosing a Database Persistence Method	53
	Simplified Data Access Pattern	56
	Supporting Multiple Databases	57
	Value Object Layer	59
	Common Patterns	59
	Business Logic Layer	60
	Common Patterns	61
	Deployment Layer	63
	Choosing Deployment Wrappers	63
	Common Patterns	65
	Presentation Layer	66
	Architectural Component Layer	68
	Further Reading	70
6.	Creating the Object Model	71
	Identifying Objects	72
	Object Identification Example	73
	Turning Objects into Classes	75
	Determining Relationships	75
	Identifying Attributes	77
	Identifying Methods	78
	Shortcuts	79
	Architect's Exercise: ProjectTrak	81
	Further Reading	84
7.	Creating the Data Model	85
	Key Terms and Concepts	86
	Design Practices and Normal Form	89
	Architect's Exercise: ProjectTrak	91
	Creating Database Schema Definitions	93
	Common Mistakes	94
	Creating XML Document Formats	95
	Common Mistakes	98
	Further Reading	98
8.	Network Architecture	99
	Key Terms and Concepts	100
	Networking Basics	102
	Security	104
	Architecting Application Security	105
	Scalability and High Availability	105
	Architecting Scalability and Availability	107
	Network Diagram Example	108
	Further Reading	108
9.	Planning Construction	109
	Task Order and Dependencies	110
	Critical Path	115
	Common Mistakes	116
	Further Reading	117
Section 3	Building J2EE Applications	119
10.	Building Value Objects	121
	Implementation Tips and Techniques	123
	Value Objects Made Easy	130
	Common Mistakes	133
	Architect's Exercise: ProjectTrak	134
11.	Building XML Access Objects	139
	An XAO Example	140
	Architectural Guidelines	145
	Overview of JAXB	145
	JAXB Usage Guidelines	149
	Using XSLT Within Java	150
	XSLT Usage Guidelines	151
	Internet Resources	152
	Further Reading	152
12.	Building Database Access Objects	153
	Data Access Object Coding Guidelines	154
	Using Entity Beans	157
	A Hibernate Example	159
	JDBC Best Practices	163
	Architect's Exercise: ProjectTrak	169
	Other Code Reduction Paradigms	173
	Java Data Objects (JDO)	173
	CocoBase	173
	TopLink	173
	OJB	173
	Further Reading	174
13.	Building Business Objects	175
	Transaction Management	176
	Business Object Coding Guidelines	180
	Architect's Exercise: ProjectTrak	182
	Further Reading	184
14.	Building Deployment Layer Objects	185
	Session Beans	186
	Message-Driven Beans	191
	Web Services	194
	Architect's Exercise: ProjectTrak	195
	Further Reading	197
15.	Building the Presentation Layer	199
	Presentation Components	201
	Page Display	201
	User Input Validation	204
	Data Processing	206
	Navigation	208
	Security	208
	Presentation Layer Coding Guidelines	209
	Common Mistakes	210
	Further Reading	210
16.	Building Architectural Components	211
	Component Quality	212
	Making Components Easy to Use	213
	Making Components Easy to Configure and Control	216
	Open Source Alternatives	217
	Resolving Technical Issues	218
	Mitigating Political Risk	219
	Component Usage Guidelines	219
17.	Application Architecture Strategies	223
	Logging Strategies	223
	Sample Strategy	225
	Exception-Handling Strategies	225
	Sample Strategy	234
	Threading Strategies	234
	Sample Threading Guidelines	237
	Configuration Management Strategies	237
	Further Reading	240
Section 4	Testing and Maintaining J2EE Applications	241
18.	Functional Testing Guidelines	243
	Testing Assumptions	244
	Testing Coverage	245
	Test Case Coding Overview and Examples	246
	Combining Test Cases into Suites	248
	Testing Best Practices	249
19.	Performance Tuning and Load Testing	251
	Measuring Performance	252
	Memory Leaks Defined	253
	Testing for Memory Leaks	254
	Diagnosing Performance Problems	256
	Using HPROF to Measure CPU Usage	257
	Using HPROF to Measure Memory Usage	260
	Further Reading	262
20.	Postimplementation Activities	263
	Application-Monitoring Guidelines	264
	Bug-Fighting Guidelines	265
	Top Refactoring Indicators	266
	Common Refactoring Techniques	267
	Extract and Delegate	267
	Extract and Extend	269
	Extract and Decouple with Interface	270
	Further Reading	271
	Bibliography	273
	The Apache Software License, Version 1.1	276
	Index	277