Fundamentals of conservation biology Book

	Preface	xi
Part I	Biodiversity and Its Importance
1.	Conservation and Conservation Biology	5
	What Is Conservation?
	A Brief History of Conservation
	An Overview of Conservation Ethics
	What Is Conservation Biology?
	A Brief History of a Young Discipline
	A Model of Conservation Biology
	Summary
2.	What is Biodiversity?	19
	Species, Genes, and Ecosystems
	Structure and Function
	Measuring Biodiversity
	The Mismeasure of Biodiversity
	Biodiversity and Spatial Scales
	Biodiversity Verbs
	Related Concepts
	Clear Lake: Case Study
	Summary
3.	Species Diversity	36
	What Is a Species?
	How Many Species Are There?
	The Intrinsic Value of Species and Their Conservation Status
	The Instrumental Values of Species
	The Uniqueness Value of Species
	The Neem Tree: Case Study
	Summary
4.	Ecosystem Diversity	67
	What Is an Ecosystem?
	The Values of Ecosystems
	Ecosystem Diversity and Species Diversity
	Ecosystems and Landscapes
	Mangrove Swamps: Case Study
	Summary
5.	Genetic Diversity	88
	What Is Genetic Diversity?
	The Importance of Genetic Diversity
	Processes That Diminish Genetic Diversity
	Cultural Diversity
	The Cheetah: Case Study
	Summary
Part II	Threats to Biodiversity
6.	Mass Extinctions and Global Change	119
	Extinction Episodes of the Past
	The Cretaceous-Tertiary Extinctions: Case Study
	The Permian Extinctions: Case Study
	Estimating the Current Rate of Extinction
	The Prospect of Global Climate Change
	Summary
7.	Extinction Processes	138
	Why Are Some Species More Vulnerable to Extinction Than Others?
	Populations
	Population Viability Analysis
	The Eastern Barred Bandicoot: Case Study
	Summary
8.	Ecosystem Degradation and Loss	163
	Contamination
	Roads, Dams, and Other Structures
	Earth, Fire, Water
	Deforestation
	Desertification
	Draining, Dredging, Damming, Etcetera
	Fragmentation
	Madagascar: Case Study
	Summary
9.	Overexploitation	207
	The Long History of Overexploitation
	Types of Exploitation
	Consequences of Overexploitation
	Some Final Perspectives on Exploitation
	The Gulf of Maine: Case Study
	Summary
10.	Exotic Species	230
	How Do Species Move?
	Impacts of Exotic Species
	Success Rates
	Irony
	Exotics in New Zealand: Case Study
	Summary
Part III	Maintaining Biodiversity
11.	Managing Ecosystems	255
	Protected Ecosystems
	Modified Ecosystems
	Cultivated Ecosystems
	Built Ecosystems
	Restoring Ecosystems
	Forests of the Pacific Northwest: Case Study
	Summary
12.	Managing Populations	313
	Providing Resources
	Controlling Threats
	Direct Manipulations
	The Black Robin: Case Study
	Epilogue
	Summary
13.	Zoos and Gardens	346
	Changing Roles
	Building Arks
	The Ex Situ-In Situ Interface
	Conservation of Domesticated Species
	The Arabian Oryx: Case Study
	Summary
14.	Setting Priorities	366
	Levels of Biodiversity
	Geographic Scales
	Choosing Areas
	Choosing Among Multiple Criteria
	Choosing Species
	Choosing Nations
	Choosing Tasks
	The Highest Priority of All
	Vietnam Conservation Areas: Case Study
	Summary
Part IV	The Human Factors
15.	Social Factors	383
	Values Differ
	Describing Values
	Values Change
	The Bahama Parrot: Case Study
	Summary
16.	Economics	399
	The Benefits
	The Costs
	The Distribution of Benefits and Costs
	Problems and Solutions
	Butterfly Ranching: Case Study
	Summary
17.	Politics and Action	426
	International Agencies
	Governments
	Nongovernmental Organizations
	Corporations
	Communities
	Individuals
	Rights and Responsibilities
	Summary
	Epilogue	441
	Glossary	443
	Literature Cited and Author Index	457
	Species Index	525
	Subject Index	535