The Lelu Stone Ruins (Kosrae, Micronesia), 1978-81: Historical and Archaeological Research Book

	List of Tables
	Preface
	Acknowledgments
	Introduction	1
Sect. 1	The Setting	7
	The Natural Environment	9
	An Introduction to Contact Era Kosraean Culture	11
	General Nature of the Ruins	15
	The Ruins in Today's Culture	16
	Prior Research and Sources of Information	17
Sect. 2	The Historic Baseline	29
	The Zenith of Lelu: Life c. A.D. 1820-1860	31
	The Residents	31
	The City: General Physical Description	54
	Specialized Sectors	61
	The Decline of Lelu: Post A.D. 1850	80
Sect. 3	Archaeological Contributions to the Analysis of Lelu: Patterns Without Placement in Time	91
	The Site Map	93
	Specialized Sectors and Activity Areas	97
	Social Ranking	158
	Population Estimates	164
	Material Culture	166
	Burial Practices	196
	Architectural Styles	201
Sect. 4	Archaeological Contributions: Changes Over Time	211
	Relevant Data	213
	How the Site Was Built	224
	When Was the Site Built and in What Sequence	228
	Changes in Specialized Sectors	233
	Changes in the Number of Social Strata	234
	Changes in Population Size	234
	Changes in Architectural Styles	235
	Changes in Material Culture	236
	Changes in Burial Practices	236
Sect. 5	Who Built Lelu?	241
	The Accepted Hypothesis	243
	The Bizarre Hypotheses	244
Sect. 6	Why Was Lelu Built?	251
	The Development of Complex Societies on Kosrae	253
Sect. 7	Lelu's Relations With Nan Madol	263
	Introduction	265
	Former Ideas	265
	Differences Between the Sites	266
	Conclusion	269
Sect. 8	West to Truk	273
	Impacts of Kosraean Political Unification	275
	Lelu's Future	277
	Epilogue	281
	Appendices	289
A	Different Spellings of Key Words	291
B	Master List of Artifacts	295
C	Excavation Data	302
D	Master List of Charcoal Samples	308
E	Details - Wall Styles	309
	Illustrations	313
	References	441