Biorenewable Resources: Engineering New Products from Agriculture Book

	Preface
1	Introduction	3
2	Fundamental Concepts in Understanding Bioenergy and Biobased Products	13
2.1	Introduction	13
2.2	Engineering thermodynamics	13
2.3	Organic chemistry	24
2.4	Chemistry of plant materials	49
3	The Biorenewable Resource Base	59
3.1	Defining the resource	59
3.2	Properties of biomass	64
3.3	Yields of biomass	68
3.4	Size of resource base	70
4	Production of Biorenewable Resources	77
4.1	Introduction	77
4.2	Herbaceous crops	77
4.3	Woody crops	95
4.4	Storage	100
4.5	Transgenic crops	102
5	Products from Biorenewable Resources	109
5.1	Introduction	109
5.2	Bioenergy	110
5.3	Transportation fuels	121
5.4	Chemicals	126
5.5	Fibers	136
6	Conversion of Biorenewable Resources Into Heat and Power	139
6.1	Introduction	139
6.2	Direct combustion	139
6.3	Thermal gasification	145
6.4	Anaerobic digestion	152
7	Processing of Biorenewable Resources Into Chemicals and Fuels	159
7.1	Introduction	159
7.2	Fermentation of sugars and starches	159
7.3	Conversion of lignocellulosic feedstocks to sugar	169
7.4	Lipid extractives	179
7.5	Thermochemical conversion	182
7.6	Additional processing to value-added chemicals	190
8	Processing of Biorenewable Resources Into Natural Fibers	195
8.1	Introduction	195
8.2	Mechanical pulping	196
8.3	Chemical pulping	196
8.4	Depithing	201
9	Environmental Impact of the Bioeconomy	205
9.1	Introduction	205
9.2	Plant science	205
9.3	Production	208
9.4	Processing	215
9.5	Utilization	224
10	Economics of Biorenewable Resources	229
10.1	Introduction	229
10.2	Estimating the cost of feedstock from biorenewable resources	229
10.3	Estimating unit cost for manufacturing biobased products	243
10.4	Costs of manufacturing various biobased products	260
	Appendix	267
	Index	269