Architecture For Dummies Book

	Foreword	xxvii
	Introduction	1
	About This Book	2
	How This Book Is Organized	3
	Icons Used in This Book	5
	Where to Go from Here	5
Part 1	Knowing and Appreciating Architecture	7
Chapter 1	Knowing When a Building Is Just a Building and When It's Architecture	9
	The Beauty of Form Meets Function	10
	Why Is Architecture Important?	10
	What Makes Architecture Good?	11
	How to Spot Good Architecture	12
	Where Can You See Architecture?	13
	If You Do Go ...	14
Chapter 2	How to Look at a Building	15
	Space: Solids and Voids	15
	Scale and Proportion: Size Matters	17
	Weight and Mass: It Ain't Heavy, It Just Looks That Way	20
	The Elements of Design	21
Chapter 3	Building Your Architectural Vocabulary	27
	Defining Architectural Style	27
	Essential Elements of Architecture	31
Part II	Nuts and Bolts: Looking at How Architecture Is Designed and Built	37
Chapter 4	How Buildings Are Born	39
	In the Beginning: The Program	39
	Different Building Types and the Evolution of Style	40
	Using the Past to Design the Future	43
Chapter 5	Just What Do Architects Do, Anyway?	47
	The Roles They Are A-Changin'	48
	How Architects Get to Be Architects	51
	What Architects Really Do from 9 to 5	52
	Okay, Now Do It Like I Drew It	57
Chapter 6	A Simple Structure: How Buildings Stand Up	61
	May the Force Be with It: Carrying the Loads	62
	Structural Forces: How a Building Gets Stressed	63
	Posts and Lintels: Trabeated Systems	64
	Watch Those Curves: Arcuated Systems	66
	New Shapes for Modern Structures	67
Part III	Western Architecture: A Survey of the Most Important Structures	71
Chapter 7	Gimme Shelter: Prehistoric Structures and the Ancient World	73
	From Tipis to Tombs: Prehistoric Architecture	74
	Ancient Pyramids: Stairways to Heaven	77
	Mythology Comes to Life: The Aegean	83
Chapter 8	Acropolis Now: Classical Greece and Rome	85
	The Greeks: Pursuit of Perfection	85
	The Etruscans: Prelude to Rome	92
	The Romans: Structural Revolution	93
Chapter 9	Domes, Arches, and Vaults, Oh My: Byzantine and Medieval Architecture	99
	Early Christian Churches	99
	Aspiring to New Heights: Byzantine Churches	100
	The Middle Ages: Not as Dark as You Think	103
	Roman Glory Lives On: Romanesque Churches	105
	The Super Church: Gothic Cathedrals	107
Chapter 10	Beauty Meets Mathematics and Drama: From Renaissance to Rococo	113
	The Renaissance: A Classical Revival with Some Mathematical Stuff	114
	Bridges to the Baroque: Mannerism	118
	Here Come the Drama Kings: The Baroque	119
	Early Funhouses: The Rococo	124
Chapter 11	Revivals Everywhere: The Classical and Gothic Are New Again	127
	Rage Against the Baroque: Classical Revivals	128
	Playing on Your Emotions: Romanticism	133
	Coming Full Circle: Beaux-Arts Eclecticism	137
Chapter 12	Here Comes the Industrial Age: Perfab Is Here to Stay	141
	Mass Production Begins: Materials Get a Revamp	141
	Managing the Forces: Enter the Engineer	142
Chapter 13	Flying High and Close to the Sun: Skyscrapers!	149
	Buildings Go Up, the Sky Falls Down: The First Skyscrapers	149
	Chicago's Steel Skeletons	150
	A Skyscraper State of Mind: Rise of the New York Skyline	155
	More Recent Skyscapers	158
Chapter 14	Mother Nature versus the Machines: Modern Styles	161
	All You Need Is Art: Arts and Crafts for Everyday People	162
	A Modern Style Takes Root: Art Nouveau and Its Architects	162
	Mother Nature's Out the Door: More "isms" and Other Styles	165
	Modernism Gets Real: The International Style	171
Chapter 15	The Only Constant Is Change: From Modern Purism to Postmodern Pluralism	177
	Modernism Gets a Makeover by Late Modern Masters	178
	Lotsa Concrete, Folks: The New Brutalism Branch of Modernism	180
	The Modernism Backlash: Postmodernism and the Past to the Rescue	181
	Modernism with a Postmodernist Twist	185
	New Directions for a New Millennium	189
Part IV	Eastern Architecture: A Survey of the Most Important Structures	193
Chapter 16	China and Japan: Traditions in Wood	195
	Chinese Architecture: The Basics	196
	Japanese Architecture: Chinese Refinements	200
Chapter 17	More Than the Taj Mahal: Architecture in India	205
	Early Temples and Shrines	206
	India's Influence on Southeast Asia	207
	The Islamic Golden Age, Mughal Style	210
	Spoils of the British Empire: West Meets East	212
	Contemporary Architecture in India	214
Chapter 18	The Islamic World	217
	Bow and Pray to Mecca	217
	Royal Calling Cards: Middle Eastern Mosques	219
	Mosques for All Seasons: African Mosques	221
	The Moors Create Their Own Style in Spain	222
Part V	Arranging the Present and Saving the Past	225
Chapter 19	Understanding Urban Design	227
	The First Cities of Humankind	227
	Ancient Greek and Roman Town Order: Hooked on a Classic	228
	Medieval Towns: Defense and Commerce	230
	The Ideal Cities of the Renaissance	230
	Royal Bombast and Power: Baroque Grand Plans	233
	Cities in the Age of Enlightenment	234
	American Cities: Growing on the Grid	235
	Staying Connected: Urban Growth Explosion	237
	Modern Cities of Tomorrow: The 'Burbs	239
	Postwar Plans: From Sprawl to Smart Growth	240
Chapter 20	Historic Preservation: Saving the Past for the Future	243
	Just How Far Should It Go?	243
	The Gold Standards of Architectural Rescue	244
	The Upside of Preservation	247
	Patriotism Saves the Day (And a Few Buildings, Too!)	248
	The Face of Preservation Today	249
Part VI	The Part of Tens	253
Chapter 21	The Ten Most Fascinating Architects Working Today	255
	Tadao Ando	255
	Elizabeth Diller and Ricardo Scofidio	256
	Frank Gehry	257
	Zaha Hadid	257
	Jacques Herzog and Pierre De Meuron	258
	Rem Koolhaas	258
	Daniel Libeskind	259
	Jean Nouvel	259
	Renzo Piano	260
	Antoine Predock	261
Chapter 22	Ten Architectural Masterpieces	263
	The Parthenon	263
	The Pantheon	264
	Chartres Cathedral	265
	Tempietto di San Pietro in Montorio	266
	Katsura Palace	266
	San Ivo della Sapienza	267
	Altes Museum	268
	Thomas Crane Library	269
	Villa Savoye	269
	Seagram Building	270
Chapter 23	Ten Amazing Items of Trivia That'll Impress All Your Friends!	271
	One of the Seven Ancient Wonders of the World Is Still Around!	271
	French Gothic Cathedral Collapses!	272
	World's Largest Art Gallery Is Russian!	272
	Disney Steals Design from Bavarian Castle!	273
	Women Join All-Male Architecture Profession!	273
	Architect Murdered by Jealous Husband!	274
	Hotel Survives Worst Japanese Earthquake of the Twentieth Century!	274
	New York City Home to the World's Largest Gothic Cathedral!	275
	Famous Architect Disqualified for Using the Wrong Ink!	276
	Skyscraper Resembles Chippendale Furniture!	276
Chapter 24	The Top Ten Skyscrapers	279
	Chrysler Building: Art Deco Fantasy	279
	Empire State Building: New York's Highest	280
	Lever House: Cleaning Up the Avenue	280
	John Hancock Center: "Big John"	281
	Sears Tower: Office in a Tube	282
	Boston's Hancock Tower: Blowing in the Wind	282
	Hong Kong Shanghai Bank: High-Tech Beauty	283
	Petronas Towers: The World's Tallest	284
	World Trade Towers: An Icon Destroyed	284
	Index	287