Peace and Justice: Seeking Accountability after War Book

Acknowledgements     viii
List of Abbreviations     x
Peace and Justice: An introduction     1
Transitional/Post-Conflict Justice     3
Risks and Dangers     8
Context, Context and Context     10
The Book     14
The Nuremberg Legacy     18
Nuremberg and Tokyo     18
International Humanitarian Law post-1945     22
International Criminal Law (ICL)     24
Human Rights Law     25
Conclusion     28
Ad hoc International Criminal Tribunals: The ICTY and ICTR     30
International Judicial Intervention     31
Establishing a Court and Launching Investigations     34
Jurisdiction and Procedure     37
State Cooperation and Judicial Assistance     39
Justice, Peace and Reconciliation     43
Conclusion     51
The Yugoslav War     53
Rwanda     54
The International Criminal Court     58
Establishing the Court: The Rome Statute     59
Jurisdiction and Admissibility     61
Applicable Law     62
The 'Essential Paradox' of Complementarity     63
The Role of theProsecutor     64
The Relationship with the Security Council     65
The United States and the ICC     66
International Criminal Justice and International Peace and Security     67
Engaging the Local Population and Meeting Victims' Needs     68
Peace and Justice?     69
Conclusion     71
Situations and cases     72
Universal jurisdiction     77
'Internationalized' Courts     80
A New Breed of Tribunal?     81
Justice, Peace and Reconciliation     89
Conclusion     94
The Special Court for Sierra Leone     95
Regulation 64 Panels in Kosovo     97
Special crime panels in Timor-Leste     99
'Extraordinary chambers' in Cambodia     101
Domestic Trials     104
Rights and Obligations in International Law     105
Judicial Reform: A Primary Hurdle for Domestic Trials     107
Political and Practical Obstacles to Domestic Trials     109
Benefits of Domestic Trials     120
Conclusion     122
Rwanda     123
The Indonesian ad hoc Human Rights Court     124
The Supreme Iraqi Criminal Tribunal      126
Truth Commissions     128
Definitional Clarity     129
Design and Resources     130
'Truth' and 'Reconciliation'     133
Restorative Justice: Healing and Retraumatization     136
Additional Benefits and Limitations of Truth Commissions     138
Conclusion     145
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission in the DRC     146
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission in South Africa     148
The Commission on the Truth for El Salvador     149
Traditional Informal Justice Mechanisms     151
Conceptual Clarity     152
The Context of TIJM     155
Dealing with Past Crimes: Challenges of TIJM     156
Promoting Reconciliation     164
Conclusion     167
Timor-Leste     169
Gacaca courts in Rwanda     171
Conclusion     173
Justice, Peace and Reconciliation     174
Capacity-building and the Rule of Law     176
Context     178
Engaging the Local Population     180
Integrated and Complementary Approaches     180
Managing Expectations and Setting Realistic Goals     181
Notes     183
Selected Bibliography     217
Index     233