The Contraception Sourcebook Book

	Foreword	ix
	Introduction	xi
1.	The History of Contraception	1
2.	Oral Contraceptives	10
	History	10
	Pharmacology	13
	Types of Oral Contraceptives	15
	Mechanism of Action	17
	Over-the-Counter-Pill Use	18
	Efficacy	19
	Use of Oral Contraceptives	20
	Directions for Use	26
	Noncontraceptive Health Benefits	29
	Hormonal Effects of Oral Contraceptives	35
	Evaluation of Side Effects	55
	Assessment of Pill Side Effects	57
	Possible Adverse Side Effects of Oral Contraceptive Use	60
	Clinical Management of Side Effects	68
	Medical Considerations	73
	Return of Fertility	91
	Fetal Effects	92
	Myths	93
	Counseling	94
	Resting	95
	Compliance/Continuation	95
	Progestin-Only Oral Contraceptives	97
	Emergency Contraception	99
	Future Trends	105
	Summary	106
3.	Contraceptive Implants	107
	Insertions	109
	Removals	110
	Side Effects	111
	Advantages	111
	Disadvantages	112
	Continuation Rates	112
	Candidates for Use	112
	Counseling	113
	Litigation	114
	Future Implants	116
4.	Injectable Contraceptives	118
	Administration	122
	Effectiveness	123
	Advantages	123
	Bleeding Patterns	125
	Cultural Attitudes	126
	Disadvantages	127
	Cancer	128
	Osteoporosis	129
	Future Fertility	130
	Future Fertility	130
	Fetal Effects	131
	Contraindications	131
	Usage	132
	New Injectables	133
5.	Intrauterine Devices	136
	History	136
	Development	136
	Current IUDs	138
	Dalkon Shield	141
	Mechanisms of Action	142
	Effectiveness	144
	Insertion	144
	Side Effects/Complications	148
	Advantages	155
	Disadvantages	156
	Good Candidates for IUD Use	156
	Poor Candidates for IUD Use	157
	Instructions for Use	158
	Myths and Misperceptions	160
	Usage	161
	Future IUDs	164
6.	Female Barrier Contraceptives	166
	Spermicides	168
	Diaphragm	171
	Cervical Cap	175
	Vaginal Contraceptive Sponge	178
	Female Condom	182
7.	Periodic Abstinence	185
	Methods	186
	Congenital Anomalies	188
	Effectiveness	189
	Advantages	190
	Disadvantages	190
8.	Lactational Amenorrhea	192
	Effectiveness	193
	Contraceptive Options	194
9.	Additional Methods of Female Contraception	197
	Vaginal Rings	197
	Contraceptive Patches	198
	Contraceptive Gels	199
	Female Sterilization	199
	Douching	203
	Female Immunologic Methods	204
10.	Male Contraception	205
	With drawal	206
	Condoms	209
	Male Sterilization	213
	Medical Approaches	215
	Male Immunological Methods	218
	Male Reactions	218
11.	The Current Status of Contraception	220
	The Need for Better Contraception	220
	The Current Status of Contraceptive Research and Development	222
	Funding Sources	225
	Drug and Device Regulation	227
	Innovation Versus Liability	231
	Political Considerations	234
	The Doctor-Patient Relationship	235
	The Loss of the U.S. Leadership Role	237
12.	The Future of Contraception	238
	Epilogue	241
	Suggested Reading	243
	Index	249