East Meets West: Human Rights and Democracy in East Asia Book

	Acknowledgments	xi
	Introduction	3
Part I	The East Asian Challenge to Human Rights and Democracy. Reflections on East-West Dialogues	21
Chapter 1	Toward a Truly International Human Rights Regime	23
1.	Trade-offs	35
1.1.	Rights vs. Development: A Zero-Sum Game?	35
1.2.	The Need for Specificity	37
2.	An Asian Voice on Human Rights?	49
2.1.	Human Rights: A Western Invention?	49
2.2.	Increasing commitment to Human Rights in East Asia: Strategic Considerations	55
2.2.1.	On the Prospects of Exporting American Ideals to East Asia	56
2.2.2.	Appealing to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in Asia	63
2.2.3.	Local justifications for Human Rights	68
3.	A Different Moral Standpoint?	82
3.1.	Cultural Respect vs. Liberal Neutrality	84
3.2.	Justifiable Constraints on Western-Style Rights	87
3.3.	New "Asian" Rights: Expanding the Set of Internationally Recognized Rights	95
	Summary	103
Chapter 2	Democratic Rights: On the Importance of Local Knowledge	106
1.	Trade-off Issues	110
1.1.	On the Possibility of Decent Nondemocratic Regimes	110
1.2.	The Costs of Democratization	116
2.	Democratic Rights: Different justifications	130
2.1.	Limiting the Power of the State	130
2.2.	Democracy as a Means for Nation-Building	137
2.3.	Identifying the Agents of Democratization	142
2.4.	Nation-Building and Social Consensus in Confucian Democracies	149
3.	Democratic Rights: Different Constraints	158
3.1	Democracy vs. Civil Rights	158
3.2	Democracy vs. Social and Economic Rights	16
3.3	Democracy vs. Future Generations	16
	Summary	170
Part II	The Pros and Cons of Democracy in Singapore: A Fictitious Dialogue with Lee Kuan Yew	173
Chapter 3	Is Liberal Democracy Suitable for Singapore?	175
1.	Democracy Defined as Free and Fair Competitive Elections	176
2.	Democracy justified (Only) by Its Consequences	185
3.	Democracy and Security	201
4.	Democracy and Civil Liberties	213
5.	Democracy and Prosperity	219
	Summary	232
Chapter 4	A Communitarian Critique of Authoritarianism: The Case of Singapore	233
1.	Community and Democracy	233
2.	Democracy and the Family	236
3.	Democracy and the Nation	239
3.1.	Singapore: A Patriotic Nation?	239
3.2.	How Authoritarianism Undermines Patriotism	241
3.3.	On the Need for Patriotism in Singapore	253
	Summary	271
Part III	Democracy With Chinese Characteristics	277
Chapter 5	A Political Proposal for the Post-Communist Era	279
1.	Constraining Democratic Populism	281
1.1.	On the Need for Capable and Far-Sighted Rulers in Modern Societies	281
1.2.	A Confucian Tradition of Respect for a Ruling Intellectual Elite	286
2.	Alternative Proposals	289
2.1.	Plural Voting Schemes	292
2.2.	A Corporatist Assembly	294
2.3.	A Parliament of Scholar-Officials	299
3.	The Proposal	307
3.1.	Selection Procedures	307
3.2.	The Problem of Cormption	318
3.3.	The Question of Universalizability	323
3.4.	The Problem of Gridlock	328
3.5.	Implementation of the Proposal	332
	Closing Scene	335
	Select Bibliography	337
	Index	353