When a Gesture Was Expected - A Selection of Examples from Archaic and Classical Greek Literature Book

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xi

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xiii

NOTE TO THE READER xv

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xvii

Introduction 3

ONE Nonverbal Communication 12

Circumstantial Notices in Literature 12

Illustrations 16

Continuities 20

Generally Understandable 22

Mostly Greek 26

Summary 28

TWO Some Attic Red-Figure Scenes 29

The Vote on the Arms of Achilles 29

Sociabilities 32

Come Here 33

Summary 35

THREE Homer 36

Demonstrative: Homer Iliad 16.844 36

"Incomplete" Conditional Sentence 37

Aposiopesis 38

Gesture for Apodosis 39

Gesture for Protasis 45

Summary 46

FOUR Archaic Poets 48

Archilochus 48

Pindar 50

Summary 52

FIVE Tragedy 53

Aeschylus 54

Sophocles 57

Euripides 63

Summary 66

SIX Aristophanes 67

Quotation and Parody 67

Continuities: Curses! 73

Summary 77

SEVEN Orators 78

Forensic Oratory 78

Deliberative or Display Oratory 79

Alcidamas 80

Antiphon 80

Andocides 83

Lysias 85

Demosthenes 88

Lycurgus 90

The Law Code of Gortyn 91

Summary 93

EIGHT Historians 94

Herodotus 94

Thucydides 99

Xenophon 105

Summary 108

NINE Plato 110

Plato's Characters in Action 110

Summary 125

Conclusion 126

BIBLIOGRAPHY 131

ART INDEX 141

lNDEX LOCORUM 143

GENERAL INDEX 149