Sociolinguistic Theory : Linguistic Variation and Its Social Significance Book

	List of Figures
	List of Tables
	Series Editor's Preface
	Preface
	Preface to the Second Edition
	Acknowledgements
1	Correlations	1
1.1	The Domain of Sociolinguistics	2
1.2	The Variable as a Structural Unit	11
1.3	Variation and the Tradition of Categoricity	26
2	Class, Network, and Mobility	39
2.1	Social Class and Sociolinguistic Sampling	41
2.2	Indexing Social Class	47
2.3	Class Markers	54
2.4	The Effects of Mobility	59
2.5	Homogenization	65
2.6	Networks	74
2.7	Linguistic Correlates of Network Integration	86
2.8	Interaction of Network and Other Independent Variables	89
2.9	Oddballs and Insiders	93
3	Expressing Sex and Gender	116
3.1	The Interplay of Biology and Sociology	117
3.2	Sex Patterns with Stable Variables	121
3.3	Language, Gender, and Mobility in Two Communities	126
3.4	Causes of Sex and Gender Differences	139
3.5	Male and Female Speech Patterns in Other Societies	153
3.6	Linguistic Evidence for Sex and Gender Differences	161
4	Accents in Time	163
4.1	Aging	164
4.2	The Acquisition of Sociolects	169
4.3	Family and Friends	175
4.4	Declarations of Adolescence	186
4.5	Young Adults in the Talk Market	194
4.6	Changes in Progress	203
5	Adaptive Significance of Language Variation	226
5.1	The Babelian Hypothesis	227
5.2	Global Counteradaptivity and Local Adaptivity	232
5.3	Dialects in Lower Animals	235
5.4	The Persistence of the Non-standard	241
5.5	Traditional Theories of the Sources of Diversity	247
5.6	A Sociolinguistic Theory of the Sources of Diversity	252
5.7	Vernacular Roots	265
5.8	Linguistic Variation and Social Identity	274
	Notes	279
	References	283
	Index	303