Primer on Ugaritic: Language, Culture, and Literature Book

List of Figures     xi
Abbreviations     xiii
Acknowledgments     xv
Introduction     1
Ancient Ugarit     5
Ugarit's Location     5
Excavations and the Discovery of the Texts     8
Brief History of Ancient Ugarit     12
Life in Ancient Ugarit     15
Ugaritic Religion     18
Texts in the Ugaritic Language     20
School Texts (Chapter 2)     22
Letters (Chapter 3)     22
Administrative Texts (Chapter 4)     23
Legal Texts (Chapter 5)     23
Literary Texts (Chapter 6)     24
Ugarit and Biblical Studies     27
School Texts: Introducing the Language and Alphabet     31
Introducing the Alphabet     31
The Languages and Language of Ugarit     31
Classification of Ugaritic     32
Ugarit as a Scribal Center     33
School Texts (KTU 5)     33
Ugaritic Alphabet Chart     38
Letters (KTU 2): An Inductive Introduction to Ugaritic     40
Introduction to Letters     40
Instructions     45
From 'Iwrdr to Plsy (KTU 2.10)     46
FromTlmyn and 'Ahtmlk to the Queen (KTU 2.11)     68
From Tlmyn to the Queen (KTU 2.12)     79
To the Queen Mum (KTU 2.13)     81
From 'Iwiridanni to 'Iwiripuzenni (KTU 2.14)     83
From Tlmym to Tryl (KTU 2.16)     85
From the King of Tyre to the King of Ugarit (KTU 2.38)     87
Second Letter to the Queen Mother (KTU 2.30)     90
Administrative Texts (KTU 4)     92
An Agricultural Document (KTU 4.143)     93
A Record of Tribute (KTU 4.43)     94
Text Dealing with Maritime Commerce (KTU 4.266)     95
An Economic List (KTU 4.709)     96
Legal Texts (KTU 3)     97
Document of Guarantee (KTU 3.3)     98
'Iwrkl Ransoms Some Captives (KTU 3.4)     103
Smmn Establishes a Marzihu (KTU 3.9)     109
Literary Texts (KTU 1)     117
El's Marzihu (KTU 1.114)     118
Mourning from the Baal Cycle (KTU 1.5 vi: 11-25)     121
Keret Epic (KTU 1.14, columns i-ii)     123
Snake Bite Text (KTU 1.100)     132
Ba'al Cycle: Yam and Ba'al (KTU 1.2 iv)     137
Aqhat (KTU 1.19)     138
Birth of the Goodly Gods (KTU 1.23)     146
Grammatical Precis      149
Orthography     149
Phonology     150
Consonants     150
Vowels     152
Pronouns     154
Independent Nominative Personal Pronouns     154
Independent Oblique Personal Pronouns     155
Pronominal Suffixes     155
The Determinative-Relative Pronoun     156
Deictic Pronouns     157
Interrogative Pronouns     157
Indefinite Pronouns     157
Nouns and Adjectives     158
Gender     158
Number     158
Case     158
State     158
Noun and Adjective Declensions     159
Vocative     159
Noun Suffixes     160
Noun Patterns     160
The Numbers     164
Cardinal Numbers     164
Ordinal Numbers     165
Multiplicatives     165
Verb     165
G and N Stems-"Basic Patterns"     166
D (Double) Stem-Factitive or "Intensive"     166
S Stem-Causative     167
Other Conjugations (L and R)     167
Verb Conjugations     168
Tense/Aspect      168
Suffix Conjugation (SC)-"Perfect"     169
Prefix Conjugations (PC)     170
Prefix Preterite (yaqtul)     170
Prefix Imperfect (yaqtulu)     171
Jussive     171
Volitive     172
"Energetic"     172
Imperative     173
Participles: Active and Passive     173
Infinitives     174
Strong Verbs     174
Weak Verbs     175
Particles     177
Prepositions     177
Particles of Negation     178
Vocative Particles     179
Proclitics and Adverbs     179
Conjunctions     170
Glossary     180
Ugaritic Lexicography     180
Ugaritic Glossary     182
Resources for Further Study     210
Index     223