Traditions of International Ethics Book

	Contributors
	Preface
1	Ethical Traditions in International Affairs	1
	Ethical judgment and ethical inquiry	2
	Ethical tradition	6
	Common morality and international law	9
	Ethical judgment as judgment within a tradition	14
	Traditions as languages of ethical judgment	19
2	The Tradition of International Law	23
	Origins of the tradition	24
	The right of war	30
	The evolution of international law	34
3	The Declaratory Tradition in Modern International Law	42
	Fundamental principles	44
	Contours of the tradition	46
	Contradictions and comparisons	52
	Law, morality, and international affairs	57
4	Classical Realism	62
	Machiavelli	64
	Thucydides	69
	Early modern realism: Hobbes, Spinoza, Rousseau	75
	Objections to realism	80
5	Twentieth-Century Realism	85
	Realist premises	85
	Realism and international issues	100
	Realism: a theory of international politics?	104
6	Natural Law and International Ethics	112
	A tradition of "natural-law" ethics identified	112
	Natural law and the dialogue of international ethics	114
	Natural law, common morality, and consequentialism	116
	The universalism of common morality and natural law	121
	Practical reasoning and moral dilemmas	124
	The common good and the complete society	128
7	Kant's Global Rationalism	136
	Kantian ethics	136
	Kantian internationalism	142
	The Kantian-deontological approach to international affairs	150
8	Utilitarianism and International Ethics	158
	The origins of utilitarianism	158
	Benthamite politics and foreign policy	161
	J. S. Mill and his successors	165
	Act and rule utilitarianism	169
	Implications for world affairs	172
9	The Contractarian Tradition and International Ethics	180
	The structure of contractarian arguments	181
	Classical contractarianism	186
	Modern contractarianism	190
	Contemporary issues in contractarianism	194
10	Liberalism and International Reform	201
	Liberal premises	202
	Liberal internationalism	209
	Liberal appeals for public support	218
11	Marxism and International Ethics	225
	What is Marxism?	225
	Marxism, ethics, and morality	228
	Marxism, international relations, and international society	235
	Official Marxisms and international ethics	240
	Full circle	244
12	The Idea of Rights in International Ethics	250
	Rights in a cross-section of world society	253
	Rights in a plan of world politics	262
	Rights as an issue in world politics	265
	The place of rights in international ethics	266
13	Biblical Argument in International Ethics	270
	The Bible and the traditions	271
	Twentieth-century arguments	283
	The uses of Scripture in international ethics	292
14	Convergence and Divergence in International Ethics	297
	The consequence-oriented traditions	299
	The rule-oriented traditions	303
	The importance of the traditions of international ethics	318
	Index	323